Non-genital manifestations of Chlamydia trachomatis

Baguley, Steve; Greenhouse, Peter

doi:10.7861/clinmedicine.3-3-206

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, there is a growing body of evidence that chlamydial infection can spread far beyond mucosal membranes affecting some abdominal organs and joints [10]. Pathophysiological mechanisms of C. trachomatis infection generalisation remain obscure [3, 10]. In this paper, we report that viable elementary bodies of C. trachomatis can be detected in serum of the patients with newly diagnosed cases of urogenital chlamydial disease.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Mucosal surfaces of urogenital system and conjunctivae are the primary target of the pathogen in the human body [2]. However, there is a growing body of evidence that chlamydial infection can spread far beyond mucosal membranes affecting some abdominal organs and joints [10]. Pathophysiological mechanisms of C. trachomatis infection generalisation remain obscure [3, 10].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Canicular spread of the pathogen is traditionally believed to be a major way of C. trachomatis generalization [2, 3] though this mechanism is not relevant when pathogen is detected in tissues with no anatomical connectivity to urogenital system. Extragenital complications of C. trachomatis infection include sexually acquired arthritis (SARA), perihepatitis, and conjunctivitis [10]. Isolation and/or detection of C. trachomatis has been reported from synovial exudate [11], ascitic fluid [12, 13], liver biopsy material [14, 15], and respiratory secretion fluids [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection ofC. trachomatisin the Serum of the Patients with Urogenital Chlamydiosis

Zigangirova

Rumyantseva

Morgunova

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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Extragenital chlamydial complications may be associated with systemic spread of infection, but haematogenous route for C. trachomatis dissemination has not been clearly demonstrated. Here we report that serum specimens obtained from patients with chlamydiosis contain elementary bodies of C. trachomatis shown by culture and immunogold electron microscopy. We have found that 31 of the 52 patients had serum precipitates which were infective to McCoy cells. Immunostaining revealed very small inclusions resembling those reported during persistent C. trachomatis infection in vitro. DNA specimens from 49 (out of 52) patients with chlamydiosis gave positive PCR readings. The viability of the pathogen present in the sera was confirmed by chlamydial RNA detection in the cell monolayer inoculated by the serum precipitates. By using DNA isolation protocol from 1 mL of serum and quantitative TaqMan PCR, it was estimated that bacterial load in patients' sera was 2 × 102–103 GE/mL. These findings for the first time demonstrated that C. trachomatis can be disseminated directly by the plasma, independently from blood cell, which may represent a new possible pathway of the chronic infection development. Therefore, new methodological approaches for detection of C. trachomatis in the serum of patients with complicated and chronic chlamydiosis could be important in the diagnosis of the infection regardless of its anatomical localization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection ofC. trachomatisin the Serum of the Patients with Urogenital Chlamydiosis

Zigangirova

Rumyantseva

Morgunova

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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“…C Trachomatis infects moist mucosal surfaces producing covert damage principally by triggering a localised cell-mediated immune response which is magnified by repeated exposure to infection. [1]…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a10 % prevalence in women aged 16–24 years attending UK pregnancy or genitourinary services [1]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydial conjunctivitis presenting as pre septal cellulitis

Drummond

Diaper

2007

Head Face Med

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Chlamydia conjuctivitis results from infection by chlamydia trachomatis, the commonest treatable sexually transmitted infection in Europe. Its clinical manifestations involve the conjunctiva and the cornea. The inflammation under the upper eyelid may be sufficient to present as ptosis, however previously it has not been documented to cause a preseptal cellulitis. We present such a case.A 15-year-old girl was diagnosed with a left viral conjunctivitis. Five days later, she returned with marked oedema of the left upper and lower lids accompanied by erythema. The tarsal conjunctiva revealed follicles and large papillae and extra ocular movements revealed discomfort on elevation. A secondary diagnosis of bacterial pre septal cellulitis was made and the treatment was changed a broad spectrum oral antibiotic. On review at two days, the patient now complained of a large amount of purulent discharge in association with the marked pre septal swelling. As previous bacteriology and virology had been negative, the patient was re swabbed for chlamydia. This proved positive and her symptoms completely resolved following administration of Azithromycin.In this particular case recognition of the pathogen is important to alert the patient to the likelihood of unknown genital infestation. In all cases of positive culture, the patient should be counselled to attend a genitourinary clinic and to alert any sexual partners to the need to do likewise.

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