Non-fusable stimuli and the role of binocular inhibition in normal and pathologic vision, especially strabismus

Fahle, Manfred

doi:10.1007/bf00161288

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 89 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…the two half-field percepts). This 'endogenous' determination of greater rivalry strength is similar to exogenous stimulus parameters known to influence the strength of rivalry (including rate-determining parameters such as contrast, motion and spatial frequency; Alexander, 1951;Alexander & Bricker, 1952;Blake, Yu, Lokey, & Norman, 1998;Fahle, 1982aFahle, , 1982bFahle, , 1983Norman, Norman, & Bilotta, 2000;Schor, 1977;Wade, de Weert, & Swanston, 1984;Whittle, 1965; see also Miller et al, 2003).…”

Section: Levels and Mechanisms Of Rivalry With Conventional Stimuli Amentioning

confidence: 76%

Caloric vestibular stimulation reveals discrete neural mechanisms for coherence rivalry and eye rivalry: A meta-rivalry model

Ngo¹,

Liu²,

Tilley³

et al. 2007

Vision Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Binocular rivalry is an extraordinary visual phenomenon that has engaged investigators for centuries. Since its first report, there has been vigorous debate over how the brain achieves the perceptual alternations that occur when conflicting images are presented simultaneously, one to each eye. Opposing high-level/stimulus-representation models and low-level/eye-based models have been proposed to explain the phenomenon, recently merging into an amalgam view. Here, we provide evidence that during viewing of Díaz-Caneja stimuli, coherence rivalry -- in which aspects of each eye's presented image are perceptually regrouped into rivalling coherent images -- and eye rivalry operate via discrete neural mechanisms. We demonstrate that high-level brain activation by unilateral caloric vestibular stimulation shifts the predominance of perceived coherent images (coherence rivalry) but not half-field images (eye rivalry). This finding suggests that coherence rivalry (like conventional rivalry according to our previous studies) is mediated by interhemispheric switching at a high level, while eye rivalry is mediated by intrahemispheric mechanisms, most likely at a low level. Based on the present data, we further propose that Díaz-Caneja stimuli induce 'meta-rivalry' whereby the discrete high- and low-level competitive processes themselves rival for visual consciousness.

show abstract

Section: Levels and Mechanisms Of Rivalry With Conventional Stimuli Amentioning

confidence: 76%

Caloric vestibular stimulation reveals discrete neural mechanisms for coherence rivalry and eye rivalry: A meta-rivalry model

Ngo¹,

Liu²,

Tilley³

et al. 2007

Vision Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The influence of spatial factors in binocular visual function has been well documented. For example, retinal image focus and spatial frequency content influence binocular matching (Hoffman & Banks, 2010 ), binocular rivalry (Fahle, 1982 , 1983 ; Shors, Wright, & Greene, 1992 ), and stereoacuity (Schor & Wood, 1983 ; Westheimer & McKee, 1980 ; Yang & Blake, 1991 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binocular temporal visual processing in myopia

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our ability to utilize binocular visual information depends on the visibility of the retinal images in each eye, which varies with both their spatial and temporal frequency content. Although the effects of spatial information on binocular function have been established, the effects of temporal frequency on binocularity are less well understood. These factors may also vary with refractive error if spatiotemporal sensitivity is affected by structural changes during the emmetropization process that may differentially affect distinct ganglion cells. In a cross-sectional study, we evaluated the potential effects of temporal and spatial frequency on binocularity in young individuals with emmetropia or myopia. Stereopsis and binocular balance were measured as a function of temporal (0–12 Hz) and spatial (1–8 c/deg) frequency. Stereopsis thresholds were measured by determining the minimum disparity at which subjects accurately identified the depth of bandpass-filtered rings. Binocular balance was measured by determining the relative contrast at which subjects reported dichoptic bandpass-filtered letters with equal frequency. Stereopsis thresholds were temporal but not spatial frequency dependent whereas binocular balance was spatial and temporal frequency dependent. There were no differences in monocular spatiotemporal contrast sensitivity between refractive groups in our sample. However, individuals with myopia showed reduced stereopsis with flickering stimuli and greater binocular imbalance at higher spatial and lower temporal frequencies compared to emmetropes. Differences in binocular vision between emmetropia and corrected myopia depend on temporal as well as spatial frequency and may be the cause or consequence of abnormal emmetropization during visual development.

show abstract

“…18 -23) and inhibition from the dominant eye may play a role. 14,24 Several studies indicate that temporal aspects of vision may be altered in amblyopia, too. 25 In the study by Harwerth et al, 26 the difference in contrast sensitivity between the amblyopic versus normal eyes of amblyopic monkeys was larger at high than at low temporal frequencies, with several studies in humans yielding similar results.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%