Impaired Temporal, Not Just Spatial, Resolution in Amblyopia

Spang, Karoline; Fahle, Manfred

doi:10.1167/iovs.07-1604

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…18 A recent study provided compelling evidence for deficient time-based figure-ground discrimination in amblyopia using a task where figure was different from ground based on motion onset asynchrony. 19 This could be due to either a low-level temporal deficits or a high-level figure-ground deficit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 The high-level global synchrony-based segmentation deficit is of particular importance because it occurs for suprathreshold stimuli and involves temporal synchrony rather than contrast detection or image motion. Temporal synchrony of neurons has been advocated as the mechanism underlying binding in object perception.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 Roelfsema et al 29 and others 30 postulate that reduced neuronal synchronicity is the basis of the spatial deficits in amblyopia (neural synchrony hypothesis). We hypothesized that the highlevel global synchrony-based segmentation deficit 19 has a lowlevel explanation. We sought to determine whether these hypothesized low-level deficits for synchrony detection in amblyopia are limited to the central field and whether they bear a relationship to the spatial disorder as would be predicted by the neural synchrony hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal Synchrony Deficits in Amblyopia

Huang

Deng

et al. 2012

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal Synchrony Deficits in Amblyopia

Huang

Deng

et al. 2012

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Behaviorally, deficits in temporal processing have been demonstrated in the amblyopic and fellow eye. [12][13][14] Physiologically, cortical responses driven by stimulation of the amblyopic eye are less synchronized, 17 and their temporal encoding is less reliable. 15,16 Studies of normally sighted people also demonstrate that audition is more temporally precise than vision, 37 and tends to be dominant in processing the temporal dimension of audiovisual events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11 Temporal aspects of visual processing also are affected. Foveal vision in the amblyopic eye is less sensitive to asynchrony between visual elements, 12 extrafoveal regions have poorer temporal resolution, 13 and the fellow eye in strabismic amblyopia shows impaired perception of temporal order. 14 In agreement with these behavioral deficits in temporal perception, visual evoked responses in humans show increased latency jitter and decreased signal-to-noise ratios.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Ventriloquism Reveals Intact Audiovisual Temporal Integration in Amblyopia

Richards

Goltz

Wong

2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE.We have shown previously that amblyopia involves impaired detection of asynchrony between auditory and visual events. To distinguish whether this impairment represents a defect in temporal integration or nonintegrative multisensory processing (e.g., cross-modal matching), we used the temporal ventriloquism effect in which visual temporal order judgment (TOJ) is normally enhanced by a lagging auditory click.METHODS. Participants with amblyopia (n ¼ 9) and normally sighted controls (n ¼ 9) performed a visual TOJ task. Pairs of clicks accompanied the two lights such that the first click preceded the first light, or second click lagged the second light by 100, 200, or 450 ms. Baseline audiovisual synchrony and visual-only conditions also were tested.RESULTS. Within both groups, just noticeable differences for the visual TOJ task were significantly reduced compared with baseline in the 100-and 200-ms click lag conditions. Within the amblyopia group, poorer stereo acuity and poorer visual acuity in the amblyopic eye were significantly associated with greater enhancement in visual TOJ performance in the 200-ms click lag condition.CONCLUSIONS. Audiovisual temporal integration is intact in amblyopia, as indicated by perceptual enhancement in the temporal ventriloquism effect. Furthermore, poorer stereo acuity and poorer visual acuity in the amblyopic eye are associated with a widened temporal binding window for the effect. These findings suggest that previously reported abnormalities in audiovisual multisensory processing may result from impaired cross-modal matching rather than a diminished capacity for temporal audiovisual integration.

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Treating amblyopia using altered reality enhances the fine‐scale functional correlations in early visual areas

Dong,

Liu,

et al. 2023

Human Brain Mapping

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Amblyopia is a developmental visual disorder that causes substantial visual deficits. Studies using resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging have disclosed abnormal brain functional connectivity (FC) both across long‐range cortical sites and within the visual cortex in amblyopes, which is considered to be related to impaired visual functions. However, little work has examined whether restoring the vision of amblyopes accompanies with an improvement of FC. Here in adult amblyopes and healthy participants, we compared their brain FC before and after an altered‐reality adaptation training. Before the training, the voxel‐wise FCs of amblyopia patients were substantially weaker than those of healthy control participants both within and across the early visual areas. After the training, visual acuities improved in amblyopes but not in the control participants. The effect kept strengthening in the subsequent month without further adaptation. Importantly, we observed enhanced voxel‐wise FC both within and across the early visual areas of amblyopes. Moreover, the enhancement continued for at least 1 month. These results suggest that the effective treatment can improve both the amblyopes' vision and functional connections in the visual cortex.

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Impaired Temporal, Not Just Spatial, Resolution in Amblyopia

Abstract: Amblyopia not only decreases spatial resolution, but also temporal factors such as time-based figure-ground segregation, even at high stimulus contrasts. This finding suggests that the realm of neuronal processes that may be disturbed in amblyopia is larger than originally thought.

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Temporal Synchrony Deficits in Amblyopia

Temporal Synchrony Deficits in Amblyopia

Temporal Ventriloquism Reveals Intact Audiovisual Temporal Integration in Amblyopia

Treating amblyopia using altered reality enhances the fine‐scale functional correlations in early visual areas

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