Non-destructive testing applications for in-service FRP reinforced/strengthened concrete bridge elements

Dolati, Seyed Saman Khedmatgozar; Malla, Pranit; Mehrabi, Armin; Ortiz, Jesus D.; Nanni, Antonio

doi:10.1117/12.2616146

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[32]. NDT methods have been increasingly used for quality control, quality assurance and quality assessment of both new and old structures [33][34][35]. Many NDT techniques, such as visual inspection (VT) [36,37], tap testing (TT) [38][39][40][41][42], impact echo testing (IE) [43][44][45][46][47], microwave testing (MW) [48][49][50][51][52][53], ground penetrating radar (GPR) [54][55][56][57][58], ultrasonic testing (UT) or phased array ultrasonic testing (PAU) [59][60][61][62][63][64], infrared thermography testing (IR) [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64], acoustic emission testing (AE) [65][66][67][68], laser testing (LT) [69]…”

Section: Inspection Of Eb-frp Concrete Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondestructive Testing (NDT) for Damage Detection in Concrete Elements with Externally Bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer

Ortiz,

Dolati,

Malla

et al. 2024

Buildings

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Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites offer a corrosion-resistant, lightweight, and durable alternative to traditional steel material in concrete structures. However, the lack of established inspection methods for assessing reinforced concrete elements with externally bonded FRP (EB-FRP) composites hinders industry-wide confidence in their adoption. This study addresses this gap by investigating non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for detecting damage and defects in EB-FRP concrete elements. As such, this study first identified and categorized potential damage in EB-FRP concrete elements considering where and why they occur. The most promising NDT methods for detecting this damage were then analyzed. And lastly, experiments were carried out to assess the feasibility of the selected NDT methods for detecting these defects. The result of this study introduces infrared thermography (IR) as a proper method for identifying defects underneath the FRP system (wet lay-up). The IR was capable of highlighting defects as small as 625 mm2 (1 in.2) whether between layers (debonding) or between the substrate and FRP (delamination). It also indicates the inability of GPR to detect damage below the FRP laminates, while indicating the capability of PAU to detect concrete delamination and qualitatively identify bond damage in the FRP system. The outcome of this research can be used to provide guidance for choosing effective on-site NDT techniques, saving considerable time and cost for inspection. Importantly, this study also paves the way for further innovation in damage detection techniques addressing the current limitations.

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Section: Inspection Of Eb-frp Concrete Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nondestructive Testing (NDT) for Damage Detection in Concrete Elements with Externally Bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer

Ortiz,

Dolati,

Malla

et al. 2024

Buildings

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“…The literature on the application of non-destructive testing (NDT) methods for the internal application of FRP is limited and scarce. There is no standard guide available for the inspection of FRP-RC elements [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. This represents a knowledge gap that this research study attempts to address.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper explores the feasibility of employing commercially available GPR and PAU devices to identify damage in FRP bars embedded in concrete. These methods are selected among various NDTs because they are widely used in inspecting steel RC elements [ 24 ]. Further, this paper also aims to determine the detection of damage in the concrete elements reinforced with FRP using GPR and PAU devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Detection in FRP-Reinforced Concrete Elements

Malla,

Khedmatgozar Dolati,

Ortiz

et al. 2024

Materials

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Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional steel reinforcements in concrete structures owing to their benefits of corrosion resistance, higher strength-to-weight ratio, reduced maintenance cost, extended service life, and superior durability. However, there has been limited research on non-destructive testing (NDT) methods applicable for identifying damage in FRP-reinforced concrete (FRP-RC) elements. This knowledge gap has often limited its application in the construction industry. Engineers and owners often lack confidence in utilizing this relatively new construction material due to the challenge of assessing its condition. Thus, the main objective of this study is to determine the applicability of two of the most common NDT methods: the Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Phased Array Ultrasonic (PAU) methods for the detection of damage in FRP-RC elements. Three slab specimens with variations in FRP type (glass-, carbon- and basalt-FRP, i.e., GFRP, CFRP, and BFRP, respectively), bar diameter, bar depths, and defect types were investigated to determine the limitations and detection capabilities of these two NDT methods. The results show that GPR could detect damage in GFRP bars and CFRP strands, but PAU was limited to damage detection in CFRP strands. The findings of this study show the applicability of conventional NDT methods to FRP-RC and at the same time identify the areas with a need for further research.

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“…Compared to other inspection/monitoring techniques, such as radiography (Khedmatgozar Dolati et al, 2023), fiber optics (Hampshire & Adeli, 2000), and so on, the proposed SED model coupled to an AE monitoring system offers unique advantages for early detection of prestressing system degradation. It ensures continuous, automated, and noninvasive monitoring of existing structures, with the ability to detect a single wire breakage in tendons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prestressing wire breakage monitoring using sound event detection

Farhadi

Corrado

Borla

et al. 2023

Computer aided Civil Eng

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Detecting prestressed wire breakage in concrete bridges is essential for ensuring safety and longevity and preventing catastrophic failures. This study proposes a novel approach for wire breakage detection using Mel‐frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) and back‐propagation neural network (BPNN). Experimental data from two bridges in Italy were acquired to train and test the models. To overcome the limited availability of real‐world training data, data augmentation techniques were employed to increase the data set size, enhancing the capability of the models and preventing over‐fitting problems. The proposed method uses MFCCs to extract features from acoustic emission signals produced by wire breakage, which are then classified by the BPNN. The results show that the proposed method can detect and classify sound events effectively, demonstrating the promising potential of BPNN for real‐time monitoring and diagnosis of bridges. The significance of this work lies in its contribution to improving bridge safety and preventing catastrophic failures. The combination of MFCCs and BPNN offers a new approach to wire breakage detection, while the use of real‐world data and data augmentation techniques are significant contributions to overcoming the limited availability of training data. The proposed method has the potential to be a generalized and robust model for real‐time monitoring of bridges, ultimately leading to safer and longer‐lasting infrastructure.

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Non-destructive testing applications for in-service FRP reinforced/strengthened concrete bridge elements

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Nondestructive Testing (NDT) for Damage Detection in Concrete Elements with Externally Bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer

Nondestructive Testing (NDT) for Damage Detection in Concrete Elements with Externally Bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer

Damage Detection in FRP-Reinforced Concrete Elements

Prestressing wire breakage monitoring using sound event detection

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