Non-destructive fabrication of Nafion/silica composite membrane via swelling-filling modification strategy for high temperature and low humidity PEM fuel cell

Xu, Ge; Wu, Zhiguang; Wei, Zenglv; Zhang, Wenjie; Wu, Junli; Liu, Ying; Li, Jing; Qu, Konggang; Cai, Weiwei

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2020.02.056

Cited by 55 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…17,18 For this reason, there are many publications dealing with the use of silica, titania, and other types of metal oxide nanoparticles with the purpose of improving the electrolyte performance of Nafion membranes, accomplished by enhancing their thermal and mechanical properties and procuring good water retention to improve proton conductivity. [19][20][21][22] There are also reports on polymer-clay composite membranes for fuel cell applications. 23 In certain cases, techniques like phosphonation, sulfonation, and protonation of clays and clay related materials before the incorporation on Nafion have been applied to improve the proton conductivity of the resulting nanocomposite membranes and to enhance the phase compatibility between the inorganic filler and the polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion/SiO₂@TiO₂‐palygorskite membranes with improved proton conductivity

Thmaini

Charradi

Ahmed

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This work deals with the synthesis of SiO2@TiO2 supported palygorskite fibers and their use as a filler for proton exchange membrane fuel cells in order to improve their performance. SiO2@TiO2‐palygorskite nanostructured particles were synthesized separately with original route to ensure the growth of TiO2 and then of SiO2 on the surface of the clay. Accordingly, the introduction of the synthetic filler (SiO2@TiO2‐paly) into the electrolyte membrane (Nafion) aims to improve mechanical, thermal, and proton conductivity properties. The TiO2 nanoparticles were generated via a sol–gel process on the external surface of palygorskite. Then, SiO2 nanoparticles were synthetized using a similar sol–gel process, onto the TiO2‐palygorskite particles to produce the final SiO2@TiO2‐palygorskite particles. The physico‐chemical properties of the nanostructured particles were studied by X‐ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Nafion based composite membranes were prepared using SiO2@TiO2‐palygorskite and TiO2‐palygorskite as a control standard. The composite membranes show improved mechanical properties, thermal stability, water retention, and proton conductivity compared to the neat Nafion membrane. Proton conductivities (at 100°C and 100% relative humidity) increased from 65.0 mS/cm for neat Nafion to 70.4 mS/cm and to 128.6 mS/cm when incorporated TiO2‐Paly (6% in weight) and SiO2@TiO2‐Paly (6% in weight), respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion/SiO₂@TiO₂‐palygorskite membranes with improved proton conductivity

Thmaini

Charradi

Ahmed

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…As an essential component of PEMFCs, PEMs must have outstanding characteristics such as high proton conductivity, desirable physicochemical and thermal properties, dimensional stability, and low cost 3 . Up to now, perfluorosulfonic acid polymers such as the Nafion membrane have been widely utilized as PEM due to their outstanding properties including high proton conductivity under humid conditions and long-term stability 4 . However, some drawbacks such as low proton conductivity at operating temperatures above 80 °C because of water evaporation, high fuel permeability, and high-cost limited their applications 5 , 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel proton conducting core–shell PAMPS-PVBS@Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles as a reinforcement for SPEEK based membranes

Salarizadeh

Javanbakht

Askari

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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In this study, new nanocomposite membranes from sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and proton-conducting Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles are prepared by the solution casting method. Sulfonated core–shell Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles are synthesized by redox polymerization. Therefore, 4-Vinyl benzene sulfonate (VBS) and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) are grafted on the surface of nanoparticles through radical polymerization. The different amounts of hybrid nanoparticles (PAMPS@Fe2TiO5 and PVBS@Fe2TiO5) are incorporated into the SPEEK matrix. The results show higher proton conductivity for all prepared nanocomposites than that of the SPEEK membrane. Embedding the sulfonated Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles into the SPEEK membrane improves proton conductivity by creating the new proton conducting sites. Besides, the nanocomposite membranes showed improved mechanical and dimensional stability in comparison with that of the SPEEK membrane. Also, the membranes including 2 wt% of PAMPS@Fe2TiO5 and PVBS@Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles indicate the maximum power density of 247 mW cm−2 and 226 mW cm−2 at 80 °C, respectively, which is higher than that of for the pristine membrane. Our prepared membranes have the potential for application in polymer electrolyte fuel cells.

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“…One method to improve the dispersion of filler material within the polymer matrix is to swell the polymer membrane in a solution of the filler [149,150]. Xu et al employed this technique by swelling the Nafion membrane with silica to achieve a composite membrane, in comparison to the traditional solution casting technique.…”

Section: Inorganic Fillersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite Polymers Development and Application for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Technologies—A Review

et al. 2020

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Nafion membranes are still the dominating material used in the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) technologies. They are widely used in several applications thanks to their excellent properties: high proton conductivity and high chemical stability in both oxidation and reduction environment. However, they have several technical challenges: reactants permeability, which results in reduced performance, dependence on water content to perform preventing the operation at higher temperatures or low humidity levels, and chemical degradation. This paper reviews novel composite membranes that have been developed for PEM applications, including direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), hydrogen PEM fuel cells (PEMFCs), and water electrolysers (PEMWEs), aiming at overcoming the drawbacks of the commercial Nafion membranes. It provides a broad overview of the Nafion-based membranes, with organic and inorganic fillers, and non-fluorinated membranes available in the literature for which various main properties (proton conductivity, crossover, maximum power density, and thermal stability) are reported. The studies on composite membranes demonstrate that they are suitable for PEM applications and can potentially compete with Nafion membranes in terms of performance and lifetime.

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Non-destructive fabrication of Nafion/silica composite membrane via swelling-filling modification strategy for high temperature and low humidity PEM fuel cell

Cited by 55 publications

References 34 publications

Nafion/SiO₂@TiO₂‐palygorskite membranes with improved proton conductivity

Nafion/SiO₂@TiO₂‐palygorskite membranes with improved proton conductivity

Novel proton conducting core–shell PAMPS-PVBS@Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles as a reinforcement for SPEEK based membranes

Composite Polymers Development and Application for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Technologies—A Review

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Non-destructive fabrication of Nafion/silica composite membrane via swelling-filling modification strategy for high temperature and low humidity PEM fuel cell

Cited by 55 publications

References 34 publications

Nafion/SiO2@TiO2‐palygorskite membranes with improved proton conductivity

Nafion/SiO2@TiO2‐palygorskite membranes with improved proton conductivity

Novel proton conducting core–shell PAMPS-PVBS@Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles as a reinforcement for SPEEK based membranes

Composite Polymers Development and Application for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Technologies—A Review

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Nafion/SiO₂@TiO₂‐palygorskite membranes with improved proton conductivity

Nafion/SiO₂@TiO₂‐palygorskite membranes with improved proton conductivity