Non-destructive analysis and appraisal of ancient Chinese porcelain by PIXE

Characterisation of Chinese Tang sancai from Gongxian and Yaozhou kilns using ICP-MS trace element and TIMS Sr–Nd isotopic analysis

“…Among the variety of analytical methods used, such as NAA [4,2], EDXRF [33,31], PIXE [6] and XRF [18], trace element analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is becoming increasingly popular in ceramic provenance studies [15,10]. However, to date very few isotopic systems have been applied to such research [5], although some, such as Sr and Nd, are expected to be very useful in recording signatures of ceramic materials.…”

Tang dynasty (618–907) bowl measured with PIXE

“…In addition, a selection of other measurements from different [16] [17] [18] Chinese kilns and dynasties from different time periods were included to the comparison. These reference data-sets from other kiln sites and time periods gave some normalization for the better understanding of the possible scatter between the measured bowl and the known Ghangsha ware data.…”

Comparison of trace elements analysis of nephrite samples from different deposits by PIXE and ICP‐AES

“…In previous experiment, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES) was frequently used to obtain the elemental characterizations of nephrite minerals but not used to determine ancient nephrite artifacts because it is a destructive method . However, external‐beam proton‐induced X‐ray emission (PIXE) presents the possibility of nondestructive analysis of largely and integrally ancient nephrite artifacts, such as ancient glass, porcelain, and jade . Therefore, comparing values of trace elements determined by PIXE and ICP‐AES is important to find the provenience of raw materials of those abundant ancient nephrite artifacts.…”