Non‐declining amphibians can be important reservoir hosts for amphibian chytrid fungus

Brannelly, Laura A.; Webb, Rebecca; Hunter, David; Clemann, Nick; Howard, K.; Skerratt, Lee F.; Berger, Lee; Scheele, Ben C.

doi:10.1111/acv.12380

Cited by 39 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…; Brannelly et al . ). However, observations of Australian chytrid impacts can be used to infer which species’ groups might be more susceptible and estimate numbers of species that might be impacted.…”

Section: Intersection With Policy and Societymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Even among closely related taxa, some species are susceptible and experience rapid declines, while others are largely unaffected (Scheele et al 2017). This remains an important knowledge gap, one that is complicated by the fact that many non-impacted species can still become infected and act as reservoir hosts (Stockwell et al 2016;Brannelly et al 2017). However, observations of Australian chytrid impacts can be used to infer which species' groups might be more susceptible and estimate numbers of species that might be impacted.…”

Section: Intersection With Policy and Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Island of opportunity: can New Guinea protect amphibians from a globally emerging pathogen?

Bower

Lips

Amepou

et al. 2019

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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The amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (chytrid) has caused the most widespread, disease‐induced declines and extinctions in vertebrates recorded to date. The largest climatically suitable landmass that may still be free of this fungus is New Guinea. The island is home to a sizeable proportion of the world's known frog species (an estimated 6%), as well as many additional, yet‐to‐be‐described species. Two decades of research on the chytrid fungus have provided a foundation for improved management of amphibian populations. We call for urgent, unified, international, multidisciplinary action to prepare for the arrival of B dendrobatidis in New Guinea, to prevent or slow its spread within the island after it arrives, and to limit its impact upon the island's frog populations. The apparent absence of the fungus in New Guinea offers an opportunity to build capacity in advance for science, disease surveillance, and diagnosis that will have broad relevance both for non‐human animal health and for public health.

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Section: Intersection With Policy and Societymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Intersection With Policy and Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Island of opportunity: can New Guinea protect amphibians from a globally emerging pathogen?

Bower

Lips

Amepou

et al. 2019

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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show abstract

“…; Brannelly et al. ). For example, studies rarely determine quantitatively whether and how minimizing disease impacts on focal species also requires targeting secondary host species (Caley & Hone ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Disease ecologists have formalized the epidemiology of multiple-species systems, mostly focusing on human diseases (Diekmann et al 1990;Dobson & Foufopoulos 2001;Dobson 2004) and developed general rules to identify optimal mitigation strategies (Keeling & Rohani 2008;Shuai et al 2013). Most conservation-focused ecological studies recognize the challenge posed by multiplespecies pathogens, but assessments of management implications remain mostly qualitative (Foley et al 2011;Lorch et al 2016;Stegen et al 2017;Brannelly et al 2018). For example, studies rarely determine quantitatively whether and how minimizing disease impacts on focal species also requires targeting secondary host species (Caley & Hone 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the burden of managing wildlife diseases in multiple host species

Canessa

Bozzuto²,

Pasmans

et al. 2019

Conservation Biology

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Mitigation of infectious wildlife diseases is especially challenging where pathogens affect communities of multiple host species. Although most ecological studies recognize the challenge posed by multiple‐species pathogens, the implications for management are typically assessed only qualitatively. Translating the intuitive understanding that multiple host species are important into practice requires a quantitative assessment of whether and how secondary host species should also be targeted by management and the effort this will require. Using a multiple‐species compartmental model, we determined analytically whether and how intensively secondary host species should be managed to prevent outbreaks in focal hosts based on the reproduction number of individual host species and between‐species transmission rates. We applied the model to the invasive pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans in a 2‐host system in northern Europe. Avoiding a disease outbreak in the focal host (fire salamanders [Salamandra salamandra]) was impossible unless management also heavily targeted the secondary host (alpine newts [Ichthyosaura alpestris]). Preventing an outbreak in the community required targeted removal of at least 80% of each species. This proportion increased to 90% in the presence of an environmental reservoir of B. salamandrivorans and when the proportion of individuals removed could not be adjusted for different host species (e.g., when using traps that are not species specific). We recommend the focus of disease‐mitigation plans should shift from focal species to the community level and calculate explicitly the management efforts required on secondary host species to move beyond the simple intuitive understanding that multiple host species may all influence the system. Failure to do so may lead to underestimating the magnitude of the effort required and ultimately to suboptimal or futile management attempts.

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“…Brannelly et al . () follow‐up on their previous work to describe Bd dynamics of a widespread and common frog species that occurs at important sites for conservation in south‐eastern Australia.…”

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confidence: 99%

Strategic conservation action for frogs

Bower

2018

Animal Conservation

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Non‐declining amphibians can be important reservoir hosts for amphibian chytrid fungus

Abstract: Amphibian chytridiomycosis, caused by infection with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)

Cited by 39 publications

References 55 publications

Island of opportunity: can New Guinea protect amphibians from a globally emerging pathogen?

Island of opportunity: can New Guinea protect amphibians from a globally emerging pathogen?

Quantifying the burden of managing wildlife diseases in multiple host species

Strategic conservation action for frogs

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