Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (<scp>NAFLD</scp>) is associated with low level of physical activity: a population‐based study

Gerber, Lynn H.; Otgonsuren, Munkhzul; Mishra, Alita; Escheik, Carey; Birerdinc, Aybike; Stepanova, Maria; Younossi, Zobair M.

doi:10.1111/apt.12038

Cited by 216 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Other studies focused on the nutritional assessments of patients with NAFLD have further documented increased consump tion of low nutrient, high sodium and high fat foods, especially diets high in meat derived fats and lower amounts of fresh fruits 107,108 . In addition to these dietary habits, individ uals with fatty liver were found to have very low physical activity levels and increased sitting times compared with healthy individuals [109][110][111] . The prevalence of NAFLD is also related to socioeco nomic factors, but their exact role is debated.…”

Section: Risk Factors: Nature or Nurture?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

Younossi

Anstee

Marietti³

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol

3,973

3,198

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Section: Risk Factors: Nature or Nurture?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

Younossi

Anstee

Marietti³

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol

3,973

3,198

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…High fructose consumption may increase the risk of NASH and advanced fibrosis, although the association may be confounded by excess calorie intake or by unhealthy lifestyles and sedentary behaviour [10] , which are more common in NAFLD [11] .…”

Section: Pathogenesis: Lifestyle and Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

EASL–EASD–EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2016

Journal of Hepatology

3,475

1,817

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DefinitionNAFLD is characterised by excessive hepatic fat accumulation, associated with insulin resistance (IR), and defined by the presence of steatosis in >5% of hepatocytes according to histological analysis or by the proton density fat fraction (PDFF, providing a rough estimation of the volume fraction of fatty material in the liver) >5.6% assessed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) or quantitative fat/water selective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). NAFLD includes two pathologically distinct conditions with different prognoses: nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); the latter covers a wide spectrum of disease severity, including fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ( table 2 ).The diagnosis of NAFLD requires exclusion of both secondary causes and a daily alcohol consumption ≥ 30 g for men and 20 g for women [1] . The relationship between alcohol and liver injury depends on several cofactors (type of alcoholic beverage, drinking patterns, duration of exposure, individual/genetic susceptibility), rendering simple quantitative thresholds at least partly arbitrary. Specifically, patients consuming moderate amounts of alcohol may be still predisposed to NAFLD if they have metabolic risk factors. Of note, the overall impact of metabolic risk factors on the occurrence of steatosis appears to be higher than that of alcohol in these patients [3] . The definitive diagnosis of NASH requires a liver biopsy. Recommendations• Patients with IR and/or metabolic risk factors (i.e., obesity or metabolic syndrome (MetS)) should undergo diagnostic procedures for the diagnosis of NAFLD, which relies on the demonstration of excessive liver fat (A1) • Individuals with steatosis should be screened for secondary causes of NAFLD, including a careful assessment of alcohol intake. The interaction between moderate amounts of alcohol and metabolic factors in fatty liver should always be considered (A1) • Other chronic liver diseases, that may coexist with NAFLD, should be identified as this might result in more severe liver injury (B1) Prevalence and IncidenceNAFLD is the most common liver disorder in Western countries, affecting 17-46% of adults, with differences according to the diagnostic method, age, sex and ethnicity [4] . It parallels the prevalence of MetS and its components, which also increases the risk of more advanced disease, both in adults and in children. NAFLD is also present in 7% of normalweight (lean) persons [5] , more frequently in females, at a younger age and with normal liver enzymes. Their liver disease may nonetheless be progressive [6] .NAFLD incidence has rarely been measured. It was 20-86/1,000 person-years based on elevated liver enzymes and/or on ultrasound (US), and 34/1,000 per year by 1 H-MRS [7] . The need for NAFLD screening in the community has been questioned given the high direct and indirect costs of testing, the low predictive value of non-invasive tests, the risks of liver biopsy and the lack of effective treatments [8] . Ho...

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“…Both cohort and population-based studies have demonstrated an independent relationship between low level of physical activity and poor fitness and the prevalence of NAFLD. 12,13 Clinical studies have shown that exercise interventions resulted in decreases in hepatic lipids 14,15 and fatty acid availability 14 in conjunction with an enhancement in insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. 16 Similarly, significant reductions in hepatic lipid contents and metabolic complications after exercise training were observed in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats 17 and obese Zucker rats 18 and mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiponectin mediates the additive effects of combining daily exercise with caloric restriction for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver

et al. 2016

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Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with low level of physical activity: a population‐based study

Abstract: SUMMARY BackgroundHigh intensity exercise improves metabolic status and may potentially mobilise hepatic fat.

Cited by 216 publications

References 32 publications

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

EASL–EASD–EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Adiponectin mediates the additive effects of combining daily exercise with caloric restriction for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver

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