Noma, Macaca mulatta

Lackner, Andrew A.; Armitage, Gary C.; Schiødt, Morten

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-84906-0_10

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This condition is not inflammatory per se but usually occurs in the face of chronic enteritis and colitis. This lesion is also commonly seen in conjunction with persistent type D retrovirus infection and should alert the pathologist to the possibility of that infection in the population (64,87).…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Shigella gingivitis and gingivitis due to plaque generally affect the entire dental gum line and must be distinguished from ANUG or acute necrotizing ulcerative gingititis, which affects the interdental papilla. ANUG may progress to noma (necrotizing gingivitis and osteomyelitis) (64). The presence of ANUG and/or noma in amacaque colony is strongly suggestive of endemic type D retrovirus infection.…”

Section: Oral Cavitymentioning

confidence: 98%

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A Primer of Primate Pathology: Lesions and Nonlesions

Lowenstine

2003

Toxicol Pathol

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Nonhuman primates are important laboratory animals for biomedical, pharmacology, and toxicology research. To effectively use primates as models, their gross and histologic anatomy, physiology and natural history, as well as common health problems and the source from which the primate is obtained, must be known and understood by pathologists involved in study design and/or interpretation. The first very important lesson in the "primer" is: there is no such thing as a generic monkey. Brand names (ie, species and subspecies) are important. Several taxonomic groups of primates are used in research including: prosimians, such as galagos and lemurs; New World monkeys, particularily marmosets; Old World monkeys, especially macaques and baboons; and the chimpanzee, an African ape. Differences between taxa are exemplified by the glucocorticoid resistance of New World monkeys compared to Old World monkeys, which results in the requirement for Vitamin D3 and their high circulating levels of steroids such as cortisone and progesterone. Differences in ovarian histology between Old and New World monkeys probably relate to steroid receptor biology as well. There are also variations in disease manifestations, even among closely related primate species such as rhesus and cynomolgus macaques (cynos). For example type D retrovirus infection is accompanied by lymphomas in cynos, but not rhesus. The second important lesson in this "primer" is: "not test article related" does not always mean "normal." Lymphoid nodules in bone marrow or salivary gland, a common background finding in macaques, often signal the presence of type D retrovirus. Other histologic changes and normal anatomic variations may be confusing to individuals not routinely examining primate tissues. The objective of this paper is to familiarize pathologists with the use of primates in research as well as lesions and nonlesions (normal anatomy or physiology) of primates that may influence study design and confound interpretation.

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Section: Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Oral Cavitymentioning

confidence: 98%