Noise performance evaluation of distributed erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with bidirectional pumping at 1.48 mu m

Chen, D.N.; Desurvire, E.

doi:10.1109/68.124874

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The optimum length and the gain are found to increase, when the system moves towards backward pumping configuration [13,16]. However, the noise figure is also reported to be higher in the backward pumping scheme [17,18].…”

Section: Effect Of Bidirectional Pumping On Single Channel Systemsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Influence of bidirectional pumping in high-power EDFA on single-channel, multichannel and pulsed signal amplification

Deepa

Vijaya

2008

Optical Fiber Technology

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Section: Effect Of Bidirectional Pumping On Single Channel Systemsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Influence of bidirectional pumping in high-power EDFA on single-channel, multichannel and pulsed signal amplification

Deepa

Vijaya

2008

Optical Fiber Technology

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“…It is worth noting that using a coherent 1480 nm pump light, the Raman effect may cause a small extra gain and the necessary gain due to the erbium must therefore be reduced correspondingly. The noise performance of the transmission line will then be improved as the noise figure in a Raman amplifier is lower than in an EDFA [3]. However, we neglect the Raman effect in the following.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the D-edfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise in distributed erbium-doped fibers

Rottwitt

Povlsen

Bjarklev

et al. 1993

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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INTRODUCTION N recent years there has been a large research effort in I the field of optical amplification in long haul transmission links. The majority of this work has been done on system configurations which are based on the use of lumped erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA'S). However, lately another approach has been suggested [l] which makes use of distributed erbium-doped fibers (d-EDF's), in which the whole transmission fiber is erbium-doped, this provides loss compensation over the total fiber length. Common for the systems with either lumped or distributed erbium doped fibers are that they apply optical amplification which is accompanied by the addition of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE). A tradeoff exists between pump power consumption, noise figure and spacing between pump power stations, and all these properties have to be considered in order to enable a fair comparison between different approaches. In the following we will focus on this tradeoff and theoretical noise figures of the d-EDF are contrasted with noise figures of a transmission link based on ideal lumped amplification over an equal fiber span. Considerations concerning comparisons between noise performance in transmission lines based on lumped-and distributed-amplification have previously been reported [2], 131. However, we compare two lumped gain configurations with distributed amplification and furthermore, we focus on nonlinear transmission. NOISE FIGURE CONSIDERATIONSIn order to evaluate the performance of a d-EDF it is appropriate to compare distributed amplification with lumped amplification over an equivalent total fiber span. When considering a transmission link based on lumped gain, we will consider amplification achieved with use of EDFAs pumped at 980 nm. The noise figure of each EDFA will be considered as ideal. This means that complete inversion is assumed and thus the noise figure. This approximation is applicable as we wish to show that distributed amplification is preferable compared to lumped amplification when the design of the d-EDF is optimized. To assure transparency of a lumped gain transmission link, the gain G of each amplifier has to compensate for the attenuation of the passive optical fiber section between two amplifiers, thus G = exp(cwL), where Q is the attenuation constant and L the length of the passive optical fiber section. The path average signal power along the transmission link based on lumped gain is ( P ) = Po R, where Po is the launched signal power and In long distance transmission the system is considered as nonlinear if the path average power is high enough to support solitary pulses and linear if the path average signal power is sufficiently below the soliton power [51. Thus, a comparison between various systems may be performed by comparing signal to noise ratios rather than noise figures. Furthermore, a fair comparison is performed on the basis of an equal signal path average power. In general, the signal to noise ratio at the signal output end of the transmission line, (S/N),,ut, is rel...

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“…The amount of pump power coupled to the erbium-doped fiber is small because of the core ellipticity. So a bidirectional pumping scheme is adopted, which provides a uniform medium inversion and increases the pump conversion efficiency [7]. A polarization controller is used to control the polarization and losses of the circulating waves inside the cavity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%