Noise-induced transition from superfluid to vortex state in two-dimensional nonequilibrium polariton condensates

Gladilin, V. N.; Wouters, Michiel

doi:10.1103/physrevb.100.214506

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The reduction of the critical coupling at small κ can therefore be interpreted as an increased robustness of the ordered phase due to driving and dissipation, in analogy with Ref. [38]. The decrease of J n/T at large values of κ originates from the k c -dependence on κ, while the increase with M is due to the dependence of k c on M2 ∝ M .…”

supporting

confidence: 57%

“…( 8), as a function of κ and γ/J for three different values of n2 / M2. and the 'nonequilibrium parameter' c ∝ γ in interactingpolariton condensates [38].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[19] and the location of the critical point was determined as in Ref. [38]: after a long time evolution in the presence of noise, the system was evolved without noise for a short time (∼ 10 ns) before checking for the presence of vortices. This noiseless evolution gives the advantage of cleaning up the photon phase while it is too short for the unbound vortex-antivortex pairs to recombine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vortices in Nonequilibrium Photon Condensates

Gladilin

Wouters

2020

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We present a theoretical study of a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless like phase transition in lattices of nonequilibrium photon condensates. Starting from linearized fluctuation theory and the properties of vortices, we propose an analytical formula for the critical point containing four fitting parameters, that captures well all our numerical simulations. We find that the ordered phase becomes more stable when driving and dissipation is increased.

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supporting

confidence: 57%

“…( 8), as a function of κ and γ/J for three different values of n2 / M2. and the 'nonequilibrium parameter' c ∝ γ in interactingpolariton condensates [38].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vortices in Nonequilibrium Photon Condensates

Gladilin

Wouters

2020

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…Previous investigations on polariton BEC have revealed various types of spontaneous formations of steady states [39,40]. However, the boundaries between different steady states are ambiguous in the presence of balance between polariton loss and gain from reservoir.…”

Section: Phase Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Formations of Dynamical Steady States in Polariton Condensates

Niu

Zhang

2021

Front. Phys.

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We present a numerical analysis on dynamical steady states of polariton Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) in an incoherent exciton reservoir driven by a ring-shaped optical pump. The balance between the loss and gain of polariton BEC induces a variety of steady states with different configurations, including approximate Gaussian distribution and topological defects, such as vortex–antivortex pairs, vortices with a winding number, and solitons. Besides, the system becomes unstable under fast decay rates and small pumping ring, where BECs can no longer exist in the long-time limit. We also confirm the soliton is dynamically stable in this system, with a steady polariton current induced by the repulsive polariton–polariton and polariton–exciton interactions.

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“…The initial pair number annihilation rate increases when the emission coefficient B 12 is increased. There are two mechanisms that explain this dependence: (i) an increase of B 21 implies a more efficient interaction of cavity photons with the reservoir formed by dye molecules, and hence a more efficient role of pumping that tends to keep the condensate density close to its steady-state value n [24,48]. Larger B 21 therefore more strongly disfavors states with many vortex cores, since in these states there are many cavities with photon densities much smaller than n. (ii) An increase in B 21 implies an increase in κ ≈ B 21 M e ∆/T /(2T ).…”

Section: A the Role Of The Emission-absorption Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vortex pair annihilation in arrays of photon cavities

Gladilin,

Wouters

2022

Preprint

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We investigate theoretically the evolution of the vortex number in an array of photon condensates that is brought from an incoherent low density state to a coherent high density state by a sudden change in the pumping laser intensity. We analyze how the recombination of vortices and antivortices depends on the system parameters such as the coefficients for emission and absorption of photons by the dye molecules, the rate of tunneling between the cavities, the photon loss rate and the number of photons in the condensate. I. INTRODUCTIONVortex excitations of superfluids [1] play a crucial role in a variety of phenomena such as the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition, the Kibble-Zurek (KZ) mechanism, the formation of Abrikosov vortex lattices and the the drag force on objects moving through a superfluid. These phenomena have been experimentally studied on a number of physical platforms such as superconductors, liquid helium and ultracold atoms [2]. What all these systems have in common is that they are up to a very good approximation in (local) thermal equilibrium, a condition that is typically broken in experimental platforms that are based on optical systems [3,4]. Optical Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) have been experimentally achieved in optical cavities filled with a dye molecule solution and in microcavities where a photon is strongly coupled to an exciton resulting in excitonpolariton [5]. While in the latter system, interactions between exciton-polaritons can lead to stimulated scattering into the ground state, in the photon-dye system it is repeated absorption and reemission of photons [6] that enables a macroscopic occupation of the ground state [7][8][9].Due to photon losses, optical BECs need constant pumping by an excitation laser in order to reach a steady state where pumping balances the losses. Experimentally realized photon condensates are therefore drivendissipative systems. The availability of several other experimental platforms, such as exciton-polaritons [4], superconducting circuits [10] and Rydberg atoms [11], for the study of driven-dissipative systems and their interest for quantum simulation and quantum computation has spurred substantial theoretical activity [4,10,12,13].A typical photon condensation experiment starts from an empty cavity and optical excitations are created by turning on the pumping laser where the phase transition is crossed when the photon density exceeds threshold. Upon crossing the threshold, the system goes from the disordered to the ordered state, which according to the KZ mechanism may lead to the formation of vortex pairs. Vortices in nonequilibrium BECs have been the subject of both experimental [14][15][16][17][18] and theoretical [19][20][21][22] study in exciton-polariton systems, whereas in nonequilibrium photon condensates, vortices have only been studied the-

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Noise-induced transition from superfluid to vortex state in two-dimensional nonequilibrium polariton condensates

Cited by 18 publications

References 48 publications

Vortices in Nonequilibrium Photon Condensates

Vortices in Nonequilibrium Photon Condensates

Spontaneous Formations of Dynamical Steady States in Polariton Condensates

Vortex pair annihilation in arrays of photon cavities

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