Nodulation and protein content of selected chickpea varieties as impacted by spacing and n-fertiliser rates in Eastern Kenya

Wafula, Judith K.; Njoka, Fredrick M.; Nthakanio, Paul N.; Mosioma, Jeremiah O.; Mukono, Simon T.; Onyari, Charles N.

doi:10.5897/ajar2021.15597

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…This area is at an altitude of 980 meters above sea level. The annual rainfall is bimodal and ranges from 600 -700 mm (Jaetzold et al, 2006;Wafula et al, 2021). The long rains occur from mid-March to the end of June while short rains are from mid-October to the end of December, giving two cropping seasons per annum.…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The long rains occur from mid-March to the end of June while short rains are from mid-October to the end of December, giving two cropping seasons per annum. The region is classified as lower midland (LM4) agro-ecological zone with black cotton soils (Wafula et al, 2021). The majority of farmers in this region mostly practice minimal rain-fed farming.…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of farmers in this region mostly practice minimal rain-fed farming. The average minimum and maximum temperatures (figure 1) range from 18 °C to 20 °C and 19 °C -24°C respectively (McVay & Crutcher 2016;Wafula et al, 2021).…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has diversified uses such as protein concentrates in animal feeds and human foods, enrichment of soils with nitrogen, and breaking of pest and disease cycles (Wallace et al, 2016;Hossain et al, 2016;De Camargo et al, 2019;Wood & Scott, 2021). Chickpeacan survive under scanty rainfall conditions with a precipitation range of 152-254 mm and 18-29 °C temperatures (McVay & Crutcher 2016;Arif et al, 2021;Wafula et al, 2021). However, for maximum productivity, the crop requires approximately 436.7mm precipitation per growing season (Desta et al, 2015;Księżak & Bojarszczuk, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commonly grown chickpea varieties in Kenya are Chaina (Desi 1), ICCV 00108, Saina K 1 (ICCV95423), ICCV 00305 (Kabuli), ICCV 92944 (Desi), and ICCV 97105 (Desi-K) with average yield ranging between 1200 to 1500 kg ha -1 (Rao et al, 2012;Wafula et al, 2021). Chickpea cultivation in Kenya is mainly done in marginal parts of Rift Valley and Eastern Kenya (Mallu 2015;Kibe & Thagana, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterosis in Chickpea for Grain Productivity in Embu County, Kenya

Wafula¹,

Mosioma²,

Onyari³

et al. 2021

J Exp Bio & Ag Sci

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Chickpea is a major source of proteins especially in arid and semi-arid areas of Kenya. However, its average yield per hectare is low when compared to neighbouring countries. This research was carried out to determine the levels of hybrid vigour on yield in the F1 generation. To obtain the F1s, reciprocal crossing between Mwanza 2 and Chaina I was carried out with controls being the parental lines. The experimental layout was a randomized block design replicated thrice for three seasons. A spacing of 50x20cm was used in plants, while all other agronomic practices were maintained constant. Data on grain yield and biomass per plant was obtained by measuring the weight, then subjecting it to a one-way ANOVA in SAS 9.4 software. Mwanza 2 expressed the highest biomass (2.56g), while both parents attained a maximum grain yield of 1.69g per plant. Chaina I x Mwanza 2 hybrid expressed maximum means of F1s for biomass (2.31g) and grain yield (1.4g) per plant. Chaina I x Mwanza 2 hybrid recorded the highest biomass and grain yield in better parent heterosis with 14.36% and 330% respectively. Mid-parent heterosis means were also highest at 24.53% and 405.88% for biomass and grain yield respectively. Further, the heritability was maximum for biomass under Mwanza 2 x Chaina I, varying from 93.1% to 100%, while Chaina I x Mwanza 2, expressed maximum grain yield and harvest index. Better parent heterosis and mid-parent heterosis was highest in Chaina I x Mwanza 2 than its reciprocal, Mwanza 2 x Chaina I.

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Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterosis in Chickpea for Grain Productivity in Embu County, Kenya

Wafula¹,

Mosioma²,

Onyari³

et al. 2021

J Exp Bio & Ag Sci

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Mesorhizobia strain and chickpea variety drive phenotypic plasticity of plant growth and nodulation

Iqbal,

Zhou,

Denton

et al. 2024

Plant Growth Regul

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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) establishes symbiotic relationships with several Mesorhizobium species and the three-way interaction between chickpea variety, Mesorhizobium strain, and environment, drives plant growth and nitrogen fixation. Here we quantified the phenotypic plasticity for shoot dry weight, nodule dry weight, nodules per plant, nodule colour, symbiotic effectiveness, and nitrogen cost in a factorial experiment combining five chickpea varieties, seven Mesorhizobium strains and three photothermal regimes. Plant growth and nitrogen fixation traits varied with variety, Mesorhizobium strain, photothermal environment and their interaction. Phenotypic plasticity was larger for nodules per plant (7.3-fold) than for shoot dry weight (2.7-fold), verifying a hierarchy of plasticities between these traits. Strain-driven plasticity of plant growth and nitrogen fixation traits was larger than variety-driven plasticity for our combination of varieties, strains, and photothermal environments, with strain-driven phenotypic plasticity being 2.7-fold vs 1.4-fold for shoot dry matter, 2.5-fold vs 1.7-fold for nodule dry weight, 7.3-fold vs 2.1-fold for nodules per plant, 3.7-fold vs 1.7-fold for nodule color, 2.9-fold vs 1.6-fold for symbiotic effectiveness, and 2.3-fold vs 1.6-fold for nitrogen cost. Our study provides insights on the phenotypic plasticity of the legume-rhizobia interaction by considering the plants as part of the rhizobia environment and vice-versa.

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Effects of Variety, Spacing and Nitrogen Application on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Growth and Yield in Embu County, Kenya

et al. 2022

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Chickpea is a pulse crop that is rich in proteins and helps in fulfilling the requirement of protein for vegetarian people thus yield maximization needed. This study aimed to determine the effects of spacing, nitrogen rates, and their interactive effects on the growth and productivity of the selected chickpea varieties. Field experiments were conducted at Mwea, Kenya between 2017 and 2018 involving four varieties (Saina K, Mwanza 2, Chaina I and Chaina III) at a spacing of 50x10cm, 50x20cm, and 50x30cm, and starter nitrogen-fertilizer application rates 0kg, 30kg, 60kg, and 90kg ha-1. A split-split plot design arranged in a 4x3x4 layout was used in the current study. Data related to plant height, biomass, grain yield, and harvest index were collected and subjected to statistical analysis by GLM in SAS 9.4 computer software. Variations occurred in measured traits like the height of crops (34.81-38.00cm), biomass yield (3.31 - 8.08t ha-1), seed yield (0.14 to 1.9t ha-1), and percent harvest index (5 - 45%) was reported. Mwanza 2 expressed the highest plant height, biomass, and grain yield. The highest plant biomass was obtained under 50x10cm spacing, while the highest grain yield weight was reported under 50x30cm spacing x 60kg N ha-1. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the highest enhanced growth and productivity of chickpea were realized at interactions of Mwanza 2x50x10cmx90kg ha-1 nitrogen rate in the study area.

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Nodulation and protein content of selected chickpea varieties as impacted by spacing and n-fertiliser rates in Eastern Kenya

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Heterosis in Chickpea for Grain Productivity in Embu County, Kenya

Heterosis in Chickpea for Grain Productivity in Embu County, Kenya

Mesorhizobia strain and chickpea variety drive phenotypic plasticity of plant growth and nodulation

Effects of Variety, Spacing and Nitrogen Application on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Growth and Yield in Embu County, Kenya

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