Nocturnal Enuresis: A Suggestive Endophenotype Marker for a Subgroup of Inattentive Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Elia, Josephine; Takeda, Toshinobu; deBerardinis, Rachel; Burke, Judy; Accardo, Jennifer; Ambrosini, Paul J.; Blum, Nathan J.; Brown, Lawrence W.; Lantieri, Francesca; Berrettini, Wade H.; Devoto, Marcella; Hákonarson, Hákon

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.02.031

Cited by 41 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Finally, although not statistically significant, our finding that a child suffering from ADHD is at twice the risk of suffering from enuresis supports other studies. 5,22,23 We did not find a statistically significant association between ADHD and enuresis, adjusting for weight categories. We did not find an association between enuresis and a number of risk factors that were shown to associate with enuresis in studies conducted in Turkey and in Ethiopia, specifically academic achievement in school, sharing a room, family size relative to number of rooms at home, parental education, family status and religious observance.…”

Section: Enuresis and Childhood Obesity Y Weintraub Et Alcontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…17,18 Increased prevalence of ADHD is observed among enuretic children, as well as increased prevalence of enuresis among children suffering from ADHD. 5,[19][20][21][22][23][24] In addition, several authors have observed an association between obesity and voiding dysfunction. 25,26 Finally, children and adolescents with enuresis suffer more frequently from psychopathological problems including low self-esteem, behavioral disturbances, anxiety and depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enuresis—an unattended comorbidity of childhood obesity

et al. 2012

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Section: Enuresis and Childhood Obesity Y Weintraub Et Alcontrasting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enuresis—an unattended comorbidity of childhood obesity

et al. 2012

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“…Co-occurrence of ADHD and enuresis is well known in both directions (Shreeram et al 2009): Enuresis has been found in 22-32% of children with ADHD (vs. 5-14% in control children) Robson et al 1997), and ADHD has been identified in 30-40% of enuretic children (vs. 6-10% general population rates) (Baeyens et al 2004(Baeyens et al , 2006. Several authors reported an association between higher inattention scores of ADHD children and enuretic problems (Baeyens et al 2006;Elia et al 2009). Investigating the association of urinary voiding frequency and daytime wetting or diurnal urinary incontinence in a prospective longitudinal study in children aged 6.5 years, an association between high voiding frequency and hyperactivity as well as conduct problems was found (von Gontard et al 2010).…”

Section: Non-organic Enuresis and Encopresismentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental comorbidity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Taurines

Schmitt

Renner

et al. 2010

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

162

116

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With the present review, we intend to highlight the importance of considering the age- and development-dependent occurrence of comorbidity in ADHD and to outline distinct trajectories of symptom progression with possible impact on course and outcome of ADHD. The review will focus on introducing the concepts of "developmental epidemiology" and "developmental comorbidity". Psychiatric and non-psychiatric age-dependent comorbidity can be seen in the majority of children, adolescents and adults with ADHD, resulting in a severe impairment of everyday life with considerable functional and psychosocial problems. Concerning the temporal order of occurrence, psychiatric conditions may be present before the appearance of first definite ADHD symptoms ("pre-comorbidity", such as temperament factors, sleep disturbance, autism spectrum disorders and atopic eczema). They may coincide with the time when ADHD symptoms reach a clinically significant level ("simultaneous comorbidity": enuresis, encopresis, developmental dyslexia). The majority of comorbidity, however, appears after the onset of ADHD in the course of disease ("post-comorbidity": tic disorder, depression and suicidality, anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, conduct and substance use disorders, obesity and personality disorders). The aetio-pathophysiology of ADHD and its comorbid disorders and also the nature of comorbidity itself being highly heterogeneous, we additionally discuss possible models of comorbidity. In the future, longitudinal data on distinct patterns of symptom and comorbidity progression would help to refine disease classification systems, strengthen the power of future genetic studies and finally allow for more specific treatment strategies.

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“…49 In a study examining the high rates of concomitant ADHD and nocturnal enuresis, 286 children (83.1%) in a sample of 344 children aged 6-12 years had ADHD alone and 58 children had both ADHD and nocturnal enuresis (16.9%). 50 The children with nocturnal en uresis had a higher likelihood of inattentive symptoms than the 'pure' ADHD group. 50 In another study, 28 children with ADHD (mean age 9.4 years) had significantly more LUTS than controls without ADHD (n = 22) on a standardized questionnaire.…”

Section: Adhd In Children With Incontinencementioning

confidence: 94%

Urinary incontinence in children with special needs

Gontard

2013

Nat Rev Urol

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Nocturnal enuresis, daytime urinary incontinence, lower urinary tract symptoms and faecal incontinence are more common in children with special needs than in typically developing children. Children with intellectual disability, which can be attributed to a range of causes, are particularly affected. Indeed, the epidemiological and clinical studies conducted to date show clear associations that children with special needs have higher rates of urinary (and faecal) incontinence than children without development, physical or cognitive impairments. For example, low intelligence quotient (IQ)-associated physical disability and conditions such as Fragile X and Rett syndromes increase the risk for incontinence, which can persist into adulthood if left untreated. Although the association of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and incontinence has been shown in many studies, further research is needed on other specific disorders, such as autism. As many children are not receiving adequate care, specific multimodal treatments based on rigorous assessment of the incontinence, underlying condition and associated comorbid disorders should be actively offered.

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Nocturnal Enuresis: A Suggestive Endophenotype Marker for a Subgroup of Inattentive Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 41 publications

References 51 publications

Enuresis—an unattended comorbidity of childhood obesity

Enuresis—an unattended comorbidity of childhood obesity

Developmental comorbidity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Urinary incontinence in children with special needs

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