Nociceptive and reflexive responses recorded from the human nasal mucosa

Thürauf, Norbert; Hummel, Thomas; Kettenmann, Birgit; Kobal, Gerd

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)91333-n

Cited by 77 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…272,274 The few studies that have used LDV to measure changes in nasal blood perfusion from exposure to volatile chemicals in humans have found that NMBF can be altered by exposure to irritants (i.e., trigeminal stimulants) but not by pure olfactory stimuli. 275,276 Electrophysiological studies in rats have confirmed that persistent vasodilatation in the nasal mucosa is mediated by stimulation of capsaicin-sensitive trigeminal fibers. …”

Section: Laser-doppler Velocimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Upper Respiratory Tract and Ocular Irritative Effects of Volatile Chemicals in Humans

Doty

Cometto‐Muñiz

Jalowayski

et al. 2004

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

131

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Section: Laser-doppler Velocimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Upper Respiratory Tract and Ocular Irritative Effects of Volatile Chemicals in Humans

Doty

Cometto‐Muñiz

Jalowayski

et al. 2004

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

131

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“…Theoretically, it could also represent axon reflexes of trigeminal stimulation. Subsequent work ruled out various epiphenomenal sources, such as blood flow, olfaction, and activity from sympathetic fibers [27][28][29]. The finding that the NMP correlates closely with feelings of irritation, expressed in ratings of magnitude, argues for a trigeminal source [27,30,31].…”

Section: Negative Mucosal Potential (Nmp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemesthesis from volatile organic compounds: Psychophysical and neural responses

Cain

Lee

Wise

et al. 2006

Physiology & Behavior

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In Experiment 1, subjects sought to localize the nostril stimulated, left or right, in tests with nine esters (acetates, propionates, and butyrates) at concentrations meant to trigger chemesthesis (pungency, irritation). The task produced psychometric functions for chemesthetic detection unconfounded by olfactory sensations. The functions indicated a sharp transition from no detection to perfect detection, rather uniform across the esters, which themselves varied in potency by two log units. The correlation between the thresholds for the eight materials that yielded thresholds and predictions from a published linear free energy relationship (LFER) equaled 0.99. In Experiment 2, amplitude of the negative mucosal potential (NMP) was recorded from the septum. The resulting functions also increased with concentration sharply. Against a criterion amplitude of the NMP, thresholds measured in the first experiment (and predictions from the LFER) correlated 0.99. The NMP seems to offer an adequate objective measure of sensory irritation. The LFER, although effective predictively, could stand to have a parameter to anticipate that molecules beyond a certain size fail to trigger irritation. In the present case, a cut-off of chemesthetic potency occurred between butyl butyrate and hexyl butyrate for the group of subjects, with some variation of the boundary among individuals.

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“…In animal experiments we demonstrated the sensitivity of NMPs to capsaicin pretreatment and the independence of NMPs from autonomic reflexes (Thuerauf et al, 1991(Thuerauf et al, , 1993. Furthermore, it was shown that NMPs are restricted to the site of stimulation, that is, to the area of activated nociceptors (Thuerauf et al, 1993). Summarizing these investigations so far, the NMP can be characterized as a specific peripherally nociceptive correlate suitable for quantifying trigeminal activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The Influence of Mecamylamine on Trigeminal and Olfactory Chemoreception of Nicotine

Thuerauf

Markovic

Braun

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Nicotine presented to the nasal cavity at low concentrations evokes 'odorous' sensations, and at higher concentrations 'burning' and 'stinging' sensations. A study in smokers and nonsmokers provided evidence of a relationship between the experience with the pharmacological action of S-(À)-nicotine and the perceived pleasantness/unpleasantness following nasal stimulation with S-(À)-nicotine. Mecamylamine, a nicotinic acetylcholine-receptor-(nAch-R) antagonist, was able to block painful responses following chemical stimulation of the human tongue and to block responses from the rat's ethmoidal nerve. The aim of our study in humans was to investigate the effects of mecamylamine on the olfactory and the trigeminal chemoreception of nicotine enantiomers. In order to achieve this aim, we determinedFbefore and after mecamylamineF(1) detection thresholds, trigeminal thresholds, and intensity estimates (stimulus intensity) and (2) recorded the negative mucosal potential (NMP) following nasal stimulation with nicotine in a placebo-controlled double blind study (n ¼ 15). CO 2 was used as a trigeminal and H 2 S as an olfactory control stimulus. Mecamylamine significantly increased trigeminal thresholds of S-(À)-nicotine and reduced intensity estimates and NMPs following stimulation with nicotine enantiomers, whereas mecamylamine did not influence NMPs and trigeminal intensity estimates following stimulation with CO 2 . In contrast, mecamylamine did neither influence detection thresholds nor olfactory intensity estimates following stimulation with olfactory nicotine concentrations. These results demonstrate that the trigeminal nasal chemoreception of nicotine enantiomers, in contrast to CO 2 , is mediated by nAch-Receptors and give evidence that the olfactory chemoreception of nicotine is independent from peripheral nAchReceptors.

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Nociceptive and reflexive responses recorded from the human nasal mucosa

Cited by 77 publications

References 9 publications

Assessment of Upper Respiratory Tract and Ocular Irritative Effects of Volatile Chemicals in Humans

Assessment of Upper Respiratory Tract and Ocular Irritative Effects of Volatile Chemicals in Humans

Chemesthesis from volatile organic compounds: Psychophysical and neural responses

The Influence of Mecamylamine on Trigeminal and Olfactory Chemoreception of Nicotine

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