Nocardiopsis species as potential sources of diverse and novel extracellular enzymes

Abstract

Members of the genus Nocardiopsis are generally encountered in locations that are inherently extreme. They are present in frozen soils, desert sand, compost, saline or hypersaline habitats (marine systems, salterns and soils) and alkaline places (slag dumps, lake soils and sediments). In order to survive under these severe conditions, they produce novel and diverse enzymes that allow them to utilize the available nutrients and to thrive. The members of this genus are multifaceted and release an assortment of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. They produce enzymes that are cold-adapted (α-amylases), thermotolerant (α-amylases and xylanases), thermoalkalotolerant (cellulases, β-1,3-glucanases), alkali-tolerant thermostable (inulinases), acid-stable (keratinase) and alkalophilic (serine proteases). Some of the enzymes derived from Nocardiopsis species act on insoluble polymers such as glucans (pachyman and curdlan), keratin (feathers and prion proteins) and polyhydroxyalkanoates. Extreme tolerance exhibited by proteases has been attributed to the presence of some amino acids (Asn and Pro) in loop structures, relocation of multiple salt bridges to outer regions of the protein or the presence of a distinct polyproline II helix. The range of novel enzymes is projected to increase in the forthcoming years, as new isolates are being continually reported, and the development of processes involving such enzymes is envisaged in the future.

Complete Draft Genome Sequence of the Actinobacterium Nocardiopsis sinuspersici UTMC102 (DSM 45277 T ), Which Produces Serine Protease

“…Members of the genus Nocardiopsis are present in frozen soils, desert sand, compost, saline, or hypersaline habitats (marine systems, salterns, soils), and alkaline places (slag dumps, lake soils, sediments) (2). Nocardiopsis species produce enzymes that are cold-adapted (α-amylases), thermotolerant (α-amylases and xylanases), thermoalkalotolerant (cellulases, β-1,3-glucanases), alkalitolerant thermostable (inulinases), acid-stable (keratinase), and alkalophilic (serine proteases).…”

“…Nocardiopsis species produce enzymes that are cold-adapted (α-amylases), thermotolerant (α-amylases and xylanases), thermoalkalotolerant (cellulases, β-1,3-glucanases), alkalitolerant thermostable (inulinases), acid-stable (keratinase), and alkalophilic (serine proteases). Enzymes derived from Nocardiopsis species act on insoluble polymers such as glucans (pachyman and curdlan), keratin (feathers and prion proteins), and polyhydroxyalkanoates (2). …”

Nocardiopsisspecies: a potential source of bioactive compounds

“…Nocardiopsis species are able to prevail under different environmental conditions mainly because of their versatile genetic make-up, secretion of enzymes, production of compatible solutes and surfactants Bennur et al 2014;Bennur et al 2015). In addition to these features, the members of this genus produce an array of bioactive compounds that may aid their survival under these conditions.…”

Production of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Fom Feather-Keratinolytic Nocardiopsis Sp. 28ror as a Novel Strain Using Feather Meal Medium

“…Many studies reported that the actinobacterial genera like Nocardiopsis species had the ability to produce a wide spectrum of antimicrobial and anticancer metabolites that had higher ability to inhibit cancer cell lines in comparison with another source like plant products having antioxidant activity and they inhibit cancer cell lines [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][30][31][32][33]. …”

“…The genus Nocardiopsis produced a vast variety of bioactive compounds such as pendolmycin (antifungal and tumor promoting agent), in addition to secreting extracellular enzymes like alkaline tolerant enzymes, amylases, alkaline serine proteases and keratinolytic proteases [1,2]. Nocardiopsis species produced a novel antibiotic like naphthospironones (antimicrobial and anticancer compounds) [3], apoptolidins (selective anticancer agents) [4], griseusins (antimicrobial and anticancer compounds) [5], thiopeptides (antibiotic) [6] and lipopeptides (surfactants) [7].…”