Nocardiopsis litoralis sp. nov., a halophilic marine actinomycete isolated from a sea anemone

Abstract

A Gram-positive, moderately halophilic, alkalitolerant, filamentous, aerobic actinomycete, designated strain JSM 073097 T , was isolated from a sea anemone collected from a tidal flat in the South China Sea. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the new isolate was a member of the genus Nocardiopsis and was most closely related to Nocardiopsis kunsanensis HA-9 T , Nocardiopsis xinjiangensis YIM 90004 T and Nocardiopsis salina YIM 90010 T (99.6, 98.5 and 98.1 % similarity, respectively). Phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data also indicated that strain JSM 073097 T was a member of the genus Nocardiopsis. The strain grew well on most of the media tested, producing white to yellow-white substrate mycelium and white aerial mycelium and straight to flexuous hyphae. The substrate mycelium was well developed and fragmented with age; the aerial mycelium produced long, straight to flexuous spore chains with non-motile, smooth-surfaced, rod-shaped spores. The strain grew in the presence of 1-15 % (w/v) total salts and at pH 6.0-10.5 and 20-35 6C; optimum growth occurred in the presence of 5-7 % (w/v) total salts and at pH 8.5 and 25 6C. Whole-cell hydrolysates of strain JSM 073097 T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and no diagnostic sugars. The predominant menaquinones were MK-10(H 4 ), ) and MK-10(H 8 ). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 16 : 0 , anteiso-C 16 : 0 and 10-methyl C 18 : 0 . Polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol. The DNA G+C content of strain JSM 073097 T was 70.4 mol%. The combination of phylogenetic analysis, DNA-DNA relatedness data, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic data supported the suggestion that strain JSM 073097 T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardiopsis, for which the name Nocardiopsis litoralis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JSM 073097The genus Nocardiopsis was first described by Meyer (1976) and, at the time or writing, comprises 28 recognized species (Meyer, 1976;Grund & Kroppenstedt, 1990;Yassin et al., 1993Yassin et al., , 1997Al-Tai & Ruan, 1994;Chun et al., 2000;Evtushenko et al., 2000; Peltola et al., 2001;Al-Zarban et al., 2002; Kämpfer et al., 2002; Schippers et al., 2002;Li et al., 2003Li et al., , 2006Hozzein et al., 2004; Sabry et al., 2004;Chen et al., 2008;Hozzein & Goodfellow, 2008;Yang et al., 2008;Zhang et al., 2008 filamentous, Gram-positive strain, designated JSM 073097 T , was isolated from a sea anemone collected from a tidal flat near Naozhou Island, southern China. Based on the results of the present taxonomic study, this strain is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Nocardiopsis. Strain JSM 073097T was isolated from homogenates of a sea anemone by plating 1 : 10 serial dilutions of the sample on marine agar 2216 (MA; Difco) supplemented with 10 % (w/v) NaCl and cultivating at 25 u C for 2 weeks. After primary isolation and purification, the isolate was preserved both on slants of MA supplemented with ...

Nocardiopsis species as potential sources of diverse and novel extracellular enzymes

“…Among the 42 hitherto reported species, 13 are halophilic and six are halotolerant. They have been isolated from marine sediments (Fang et al 2011;Meena et al 2013), hypersaline solar salterns (Chun et al 2000;Jose and Jebakumar 2012), saline soils (Al-Tai and Ruan 1994;Li et al 2003;Li et al 2006;Chen et al 2010) and marine biological forms (Chen et al 2009;Li et al 2012). In addition, some species are alkali-tolerant being inherently present in alkali slag dumps, lake soils and sediments (Schippers et al 2002;Yang et al 2008;Mwirichia et al 2010).…”

Nocardiopsis terrae sp. nov., a halophilic actinomycete isolated from saline soil

“…The genus Nocardiopsis was first described by Meyer (1976) and currently comprises 30 recognized species (Meyer 1976;Miyashita et al 1984;Grund and Kroppenstedt 1990;Yassin et al 1993Yassin et al , 1997Al-Tai and Ruan 1994;Chun et al 2000;Evtushenko et al 2000;Peltola et al 2001;Al-Zarban et al 2002;Kämpfer et al 2002;Schippers et al 2002;Li et al 2003Li et al , 2004Li et al , 2006Hozzein et al 2004;Sabry et al 2004;Chen et al 2008Chen et al , 2009Hozzein and Goodfellow 2008;Yang et al 2008;Zhang et al 2008;Yassin et al 2009). The genus Nocardiopsis was shown to exhibit distinct chemotaxonomic characteristics: cell-wall chemotype III/C (meso-diaminopimelic acid and no diagnostic sugars in whole-cell hydrolysates; Lechevalier and Lechevalier 1970), phospholipid type PIII (phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylmethylethanolamine as characteristic phospholipids; Lechevalier et al 1977), menaquinone MK-10 with variable degrees of saturation in the side chain as the predominant isoprenoid quinone (Kroppenstedt 1992), fatty acid type 3d (containing iso-branched, anteiso-branched and 10-methylbranched chain fatty acids; Kroppenstedt 1985) and DNA G ?…”

A guide to successful bioprospecting: informed by actinobacterial systematics

“…In addition, a steady stream of new marine-derived species have been classified in established genera, including Arsenicococcus (Hamada et al 2009) Dermacoccus(Pathom-aree et al 2003b, c), Kocuria(Seo et al 2009), Nocardiopsis(Chen et al 2009), Saccharomonospora(Liu et al 2010), Streptomyces (Pimentel- Elardo et al 2009Xu et al 2009;Khan et al 2010), Williamsia(Stach et al 2004;Pathom-aree et al 2006a) and Verrucosispora(Liao et al 2009;Dai et al 2010).…”