‘No man is an island’. Testing the specific role of social isolation in formal thought disorder

Sousa, Paulo de Tarso Xavier; Spray, Amy; Sellwood, William; Bentall, Richard P.

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.09.010

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…The relationship between social isolation and TD was more interesting. First, it replicates previous findings from our own and other research groups (Badcock et al, 2015;de Sousa et al, 2015), and second, in contrast to what has previously been suggested (Freeman et al, 2002;Hoffman, 2007) neither hallucinations nor delusions or suspiciousness correlated with social isolation (it is unclear why unusual beliefs did not correlate with social isolation. One possibility is social isolation may be specifically associated with strength of conviction and other variable rather than unusual beliefs).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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The role of social isolation and social cognition in thought disorder

Sousa

Sellwood

Eldridge

et al. 2018

Psychiatry Research

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A better understanding of how social factors relate to the psychological processes in thought disorder (TD) is necessary for the development of effective psychological interventions. Sixty-eight participants diagnosed with psychosis (18-65; 47.1% female) were recruited and evaluated on social cognition (Hinting Task, HT; and reading the mind in the eyes test, RMET), social isolation (size of social network, frequency and quality of contact), psychotic symptoms (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, PANSS) and TD (Thought, Language and Communication Disorders Scale, TLC). A mediation model was tested with isolation as the predictor, TD as the outcome, and performance on HT and RMET as the mediators. The final model, with adjustment for comorbid symptoms (i.e. delusions, suspiciousness, hallucinations, and negative symptoms), supported full mediation and explained a significant amount of the observed variance (60%). Performance on the HT was a significant mediator of the relationship between social isolation and TD. From the covariates, delusions contributed independently and significantly to TD. The implications of the findings for psychological practice, and TD-specific interventions, are discussed as well as the limitations of the study. Further avenues for symptom-specific research are discussed, in particular with reference to more complex psychosocial models.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…We have previously reported a significant and sizable relationship between TD, measured during a purposely-designed set of interviews, and self-reported social isolation (de Sousa et al, 2015). Importantly, this relationship remained significant…”

Section: Social Isolation and Tdmentioning

confidence: 83%

The role of social isolation and social cognition in thought disorder

Sousa

Sellwood

Eldridge

et al. 2018

Psychiatry Research

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“…The descriptive statistics for the demographic and clinical variables can be found elsewhere (De Sousa et al, 2015) and in Table 1. Briefly, the groups did not differ significantly on variables such as gender, age, or ethnicity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inner Speech and Clarity of Self-Concept in Thought Disorder and Auditory-Verbal Hallucinations

Sousa¹,

Sellwood²,

Spray³

et al. 2016

J Nerv Ment Dis

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Eighty patients and thirty controls were interviewed using one interview that promoted personal disclosure and another about everyday topics. Speech was scored using the Thought, Language and Communication scale (TLC). All participants completed the Self-Concept Clarity Scale (SCCS) and the Varieties of Inner Speech Questionnaire (VISQ). Patients scored lower than comparisons on the SCCS. Low scores were associated the disorganized dimension of TD. Patients also scored significantly higher on condensed and other people in inner speech, but not on dialogical or evaluative inner speech. The poverty of speech dimension of TD was associated with less dialogical inner speech, other people in inner speech, and less evaluative inner speech. Hallucinations were significantly associated with more other people in inner speech and evaluative inner speech. Clarity of self-concept and qualities of inner speech are differentially associated with dimensions of TD. The findings also support inner speech models of hallucinations.

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“…Second, references from pertinent qualitative review articles [1,44] were examined for additional references not detected through the initial search. Third, forward searches of articles directly examining the link between FTD and social functioning [7,15,[45][46][47][48][49] were conducted to find additional articles.…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite longstanding observation, empirical evidence of the relationship between FTD and social functioning deficits in schizophrenia is unclear. Across studies, the magnitude of associations has varied from negligible [13,14] to large [15]. To date, no meta-analysis has synthesized findings to clarify the relationship between FTD and social functioning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The link between formal thought disorder and social functioning in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Background. Formal thought disorder (FTD) and social functioning impairments are core symptoms of schizophrenia. Although both have been observed for over a century, the strength of the relationship between FTD and social functioning remains unclear. Furthermore, a variety of methodological approaches have been used to assess these constructs—which may contribute to inconsistency in reported associations. This meta-analysis aimed to: (a) systematically test the relationship between FTD and social functioning and (b) determine if the methodology used to assess FTD and/or social functioning moderates this relationship. Methods. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a targeted literature search was conducted on studies examining the relationship between FTD and social functioning. Correlations were extracted and used to calculate weighted mean effect sizes using a random effects model. Results. A total of 1,478 participants across 13 unique studies were included in this meta-analysis. A small-medium inverse association (r = −0.23, p < 0.001) was observed between FTD and social functioning. Although heterogeneity analyses produced a significant Q-statistic (Q = 52.77, p = <0.001), the relationship between FTD and social functioning was not moderated by methodology, study quality, demographic variables, or clinical factors. Conclusions. Findings illustrate a negative association between FTD and social functioning. Despite differences in the methodological approach used and type of information assessed, measurement type and clinical factors did not moderate the relationship between FTD and social functioning. Future studies should explore whether other variables, such as cognitive processes (e.g., social cognition), may account for variability in associations between these constructs.

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‘No man is an island’. Testing the specific role of social isolation in formal thought disorder

Cited by 22 publications

References 113 publications

The role of social isolation and social cognition in thought disorder

The role of social isolation and social cognition in thought disorder

Inner Speech and Clarity of Self-Concept in Thought Disorder and Auditory-Verbal Hallucinations

The link between formal thought disorder and social functioning in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis

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