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Fluorescent hybrid organic–inorganic particles: influence of physical encapsulation versus covalent attachment on leaching and UV stability

“…32) Alternatively, hydrophobic dyes can be physically contained in hollow silica spheres prepared through oil-in-water emulsions where the silica forms at the surfactant-water interphase. 19) This method, used to encapsulate liquid organic dyes for sunscreens, 18) does permit release of dye due to mechanical rupture of some of shells during processing.…”

Optimized UV protecting coatings by combination of organic and inorganic UV absorbers

“…6 and 7. A chance to circumvent these disadvantages is the incorporation of organic UV absorbers in UV absorbing sol -gel coatings similar to the embedding of organic UV absorbers or dyes in non-absorbing silica coatings [1,15]. To develop optimized UV protective coatings, the two organic UV absorbers A and B were combined with also UV absorbing inorganic sol -gel TiO 2 coatings in the presented study.…”

Sol–Gel Microcapsulation in Silica-Based Particles: A Comparative Study

“…We thus attempted microencapsulation using the oil-inwater (O/W) methodology developed by Avnir and coworkers [4]. Both acid and basic catalysis were employed.…”

“…Both use a combined microemulsion/sol-gel process. In one case the sol-gel process is combined with a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion [3]; and in the other the sol-gel polycondensation is carried out in an oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion [4].…”