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Dik, A. J.; Verhaar, M.A.; Bélanger, Richard R.

doi:10.1023/a:1008025416672

Cited by 70 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Charlotte, reputed for its resistance to P. aphanis , did have the lowest powdery mildew severity among tested cultivars in both seasons, and in both the control and the Si+ treatments. These results confirm the multiple reports of the prophylactic properties of Si against powdery mildews on a number of crops (Chérif et al, 1992; Dik et al, 1998; Bélanger et al, 2003; Shetty et al, 2012). In a recent study, Vivancos et al (2015) suggested that Si was particularly efficient against biotrophic pathogens because of the mode of attack of these pathogens relying on effectors to establish biotrophy; Si deposition would interfere with effectors finding their specific targets.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Silicon Transporters and Effects of Silicon Amendments in Strawberry under High Tunnel and Field Conditions

et al. 2017

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Together with longer production periods, the commercial transition to day-neutral strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) varieties has favored the development of diseases such as powdery mildew (Podosphaera aphanis) that thrives in late summer-early fall. In an attempt to find alternative solutions to fungicides currently employed to curb the disease, we wanted to investigate the potential of silicon (Si) amendments that have been associated with prophylactic properties against powdery mildews. To this end, our first objective was to determine if strawberry was a Si-competent species following the recent characterization of the properties of Si transporters that plants must carry to uptake silicic acid. Based on genomic data, we were able to conclude that strawberry contained both functional influx (Lsi1) and efflux (Lsi2) transporters for Si uptake. Subsequently commercial experiments under high tunnel and field conditions were conducted with different Si fertilization regimes: constant soluble Si feeding in high tunnel, and bi-weekly soluble Si feeding or three concentrations of calcium silicate fertilization in the field. Results from high tunnel experiments showed that strawberry could accumulate as much as 3% Si on a dry-weight basis, the highest concentration ever reported for this species. All six tested cultivars contained roughly the same concentration, thereby confirming the limited genetic variability, also observed in other species, associated with the trait. Silicon fertilization under high tunnel led to a significant reduction of powdery mildew severity in both years and on all cultivars, and a significant increase in yield of marketable fruits reaching as much as 300% with cv. Monterey. By contrast, Si fertilization under field conditions in soils deficient in plant available Si, either in soluble or solid form, did not result in significant accumulation of Si in plants, regardless of the cultivars, year or concentrations. Our results have thus provided both genotypic and phenotypic proof that strawberry can greatly benefit from Si fertilization, but have also highlighted the importance of validating the fertilization regime to ensure that Si is properly absorbed and/or available to the plant.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Silicon Transporters and Effects of Silicon Amendments in Strawberry under High Tunnel and Field Conditions

et al. 2017

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“…They are mostly epiphytic or saprophytic and they are non-pathogenic to plants, animals and insects (Avis and Belanger, 2002). Pseudozyma rugulosa and Pseudozyma flocculosa have both been reported to exhibit biological activity against the different powdery mildews with which they are associated (Dik et al, 1998; Hammami et al, 2010, 2011) (for review see Kiss, 2003). P. flocculosa , for example, does not penetrate powdery mildew cells, but has been found to secrete an unusual fatty acid that has an antibiotic effect against powdery mildew and other pathogens (Hajlaoui et al, 1994; Benyagoub et al, 1996; Avis and Belanger, 2001; Avis et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological control of the cucurbit powdery mildew pathogen Podosphaera xanthii by means of the epiphytic fungus Pseudozyma aphidis and parasitism as a mode of action

et al. 2015

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Epiphytic yeasts, which colonize plant surfaces, may possess activity that can be harnessed to help plants defend themselves against various pathogens. Due to their unique characteristics, epiphytic yeasts belonging to the genus Pseudozyma hold great potential for use as biocontrol agents. We identified a unique, biologically active isolate of the epiphytic yeast Pseudozyma aphidis that is capable of inhibiting Botrytis cinerea via a dual mode of action, namely induced resistance and antibiosis. Here, we show that strain L12 of P. aphidis can reduce the severity of powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii on cucumber plants with an efficacy of 75%. Confocal and scanning electron microscopy analyses demonstrated P. aphidis proliferation on infected tissue and its production of long hyphae that parasitize the powdery mildew hyphae and spores as an ectoparasite. We also show that crude extract of P. aphidis metabolites can inhibit P. xanthii spore germination in planta. Our results suggest that in addition to its antibiosis as mode of action, P. aphidis may also act as an ectoparasite on P. xanthii. These results indicate that P. aphidis strain L12 has the potential to control powdery mildew.

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“…P. rugulosa and P. flocculosa, for example, have been reported to possess antifungal activity against various powdery mildews. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] P. aphidis (isolate CBS517.83), on the other hand, was not associated with novel antifungal activity and biocontrol of powdery mildew. 27 However, we recently described the isolation and characterization of a novel P. aphidis strain (isolate L12, Israel 2004) and demonstrated its biocontrol activity against fungal phytopathogens in a dual mode of action which combines antibiosis and induced systemic resistance.…”

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confidence: 98%