NMR study of <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> incorporation into short-chain fatty acids by pig large-intestinal flora

Graeve, K. G. de; Grivet, Jean‐Philippe; Durand, Michelle; Beaumatin, Ph.; Demeyer, Daniël

doi:10.1139/m90-101

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Subsequent studies on ecosystems such as sewage and anoxic lake sediments showed that several different genera of prokaryotes produce acetate from carbon dioxide [see reviews by Ljungdahl (1986) ;Dolfing (1988) and Wood and Ljungdahl (1990)l. This pathway has also been demonstrated in the gastrointestinal tract of certain animals and humans with the use of labelled CO, (Prins and Lankhorst 1977;Breznak and Switzer 1986;Lajoie et al 1988;De Graeve et al 1990) and suggested stoichiometry (Wolin and Miller 1983;Duncan and Henderson 1990;Demeyer and De Graeve 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Competition between reductive acetogenesis and methanogenesis in the pig large‐intestinal flora

Graeve

Grivet

Durand³

et al. 1994

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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Washed bacterial suspensions obtained from the pig hindgut were incubated under 13CO2 in a buffer containing NaH13CO3 and carbohydrates. Incorporation of 13C into short chain fatty acids was assayed by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance. The effects of different levels of H2 added to the gas phase (0, 20 and 80% v/v) and of the specific methanogenesis inhibitor 2-bromoethane-sulphonic acid (BES) were determined. In control incubations increasing the concentration of H2 markedly increased methane production. Single- and double-labelled acetate and butyrate were formed in all incubations. In the absence of BES, increasing H2 significantly increased the incorporation of 13CO2 into butyrate and the proportion of double-labelled acetate in total labelled acetate. The addition of BES proved to be very successful as a methane inhibitor and greatly enhanced the amount of mono- and double-labelled acetate, especially at the highest H2 partial pressure. The results suggest that methanogenesis inhibited both routes of reductive acetogenesis, i.e. the homoacetate fermentation of hexose (represented for the most part by single labelling) and the synthesis of acetate from external CO2 and H2 (represented mostly by double labelling). A highly significant interaction between BES and H2 concentration was observed. At the highest pH2 BES increased the proportion of labelled acetate in total acetate from 17.1% for the control to 50.9%. It was concluded that although acetogenesis and methanogenesis can occur simultaneously in the pig hindgut, reductive acetogenesis may become a significant pathway of acetate formation in the absence of methanogenesis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Competition between reductive acetogenesis and methanogenesis in the pig large‐intestinal flora

Graeve

Grivet

Durand³

et al. 1994

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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“…Indeed, a n inverse relation between bacterial numbers responsible for RA and M has been observed i n termite caeca (Brauman et al, 1992) and human and r a t faecal material (Lajoie et al, 1988;Gibson et al, 1990), although RA and M can occur simultaneously De Graeve et al, 1990).…”

Section: A3 Competition and Similarity Between M And Ramentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductive Acetogenesis in the Hindgut and Attempts to its Induction in the Rumen—A Review

Fievez

Piattoni

Mbanzamihigo

et al. 1999

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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Fievez, V., Piattoni, F., Mbanzamihigo, L. and Demeyer, D. 1999. Reductive acetogenesis in the hindgut and attempts to its induction in the rumen-A review. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 16: 1-22. Hiridgut ferrneiitatiori differs froin ruinen fermentation b. y a. lower methane production and the presence of reductive acetogenesis (RA).Moreover, it has been showii tha.t with ageing RA is rephced coinpletely (ruinen) or partially (hindgut) A. IntroductionBesides methanogenesis (M), non assimilatory sulphate reduction and/ or reductive acetogenesis (RA) have been identified as major pathways of microbial competition for metabolic hydrogen, formed during bacterial fermentation in anaerobic microbial ecosystems. However, these alternative hydrogen sinks to M do not function in the rumen, although bacteria able to use them have been isolated . After a short introduction to the characteristics of RA, this paper intends to give a global review of the research carried out in our laboratory over the past five years, related both to the relative importance of RA and M and to the possibilities for induction of RA in the rumen. A.1. RA in the gastro-intestinal tractBacteria are defined as reductive acetogens when they are able to reduce 2 moles of CO, to 1 mole of acetate, either autotrophically or heterotrophically, e.g. homoacetogenesis (Fisher et al., 1932; Wieringa, 1936, Prins andLankhorst, 1977).The heterotrophic growth of hom,oacetogens is characterised by the (almost) complete conversion of monosaccharides to acetate (Ljungdahl, 1986 Moreover, most of the hoinoacetogens are able to reduce exogenous CO,> autotrophically with molecular H,: 2 CO, + 4H, 3 CH,COOH + 2HiO ( 3 ) . This ability of mixothrophic growth (i.e. autotrophically on CO,-H, --a n d heterotrophically on monosaccharides) enables these acetogens to survive in almost every anaerobic environment and could explain their rather high growth yields (Ljungdahl, 1986). A.2. Detection of the occurrence of RAThe amounts of end products formed in ruinen fermentation are related through the stoichiometery of the overall reaction concerned (Wolin, 1960). This allows calculation of the net amounts of "metabolic hydrogen" produced and recovered in reduced end products. The agreement of the amounts of end products formed within a fermentation, with the overall reactions proposed, can then be evaluated by calculation of a "hydrogen recovery (2Hr)" (Marty and Demeyer, 1973): 100 * (2P + 2B + 4CHJ / (2A + P + 4B), with A, P, B and CH, equal to the molar amounts of acetate, propionate, butyrate and methane, respectively.With rumen contents such recoveries range between 80 and 90% (Demeyer, 1991), whereas with hindgut contents from different species, values were much lower, suggesting the presence of other hydrogen consuming reactions, mainly RA (Henderson a n d Deineyer and De Graeve, 1991). However, this calculation does not allow to differentiate reaction (2) from (3) and, therefore, in this paper RA is used for both reactions. A.3. Competition and similarity betwee...

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“…The stoichiometry used previously may not always be appropriate for the large bowel since work @ith LI contents from rodents (Prins & Lankhorst, 1977), pigs (De Graeve et al 1990) and man (Lajoie et al 1988;Gibson et al 1990) has shown that acetogenesis, i.e. the synthesis of acetate from carbon dioxide and hydrogen may occur in some circumstances.…”

Section: E N E R G Y S a L V A G E By Nsp F E R M E N T A T I O Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestion of non-starch polysaccharides by non-ruminant omnivores

Mathers

1991

proc nutr soc

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NMR study of ¹³CO₂ incorporation into short-chain fatty acids by pig large-intestinal flora

Cited by 26 publications

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Competition between reductive acetogenesis and methanogenesis in the pig large‐intestinal flora

Competition between reductive acetogenesis and methanogenesis in the pig large‐intestinal flora

Reductive Acetogenesis in the Hindgut and Attempts to its Induction in the Rumen—A Review

Digestion of non-starch polysaccharides by non-ruminant omnivores

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NMR study of 13CO2 incorporation into short-chain fatty acids by pig large-intestinal flora

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Competition between reductive acetogenesis and methanogenesis in the pig large‐intestinal flora

Competition between reductive acetogenesis and methanogenesis in the pig large‐intestinal flora

Reductive Acetogenesis in the Hindgut and Attempts to its Induction in the Rumen—A Review

Digestion of non-starch polysaccharides by non-ruminant omnivores

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NMR study of ¹³CO₂ incorporation into short-chain fatty acids by pig large-intestinal flora