NMR method for determination of aromatics in middle distillate oils

Lee, S.Win; Glavinčevski, Boris M.

doi:10.1016/s0378-3820(99)00013-2

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…1 H NMR spectra are used to classify hydrogen groups via obtaining structural information, so different kinds of organic matters, such as aromatic, naphthenic, isoparaffinic, and paraffinic, could be distinguished from complex mixtures. The hydrogen groups classified by the 1 H NMR spectra can yield structural information that allows the characterization of complex mixtures containing hundreds of aromatic, naphthenic, paraffinic, olefinic, and isoparaffinic compounds. , In the exhaust, particle-phase PAHs are an important part of the total PAHs, which have a mutagenic and carcinogenic potential Figure shows the histograms of PAHs and aliphatic hydrocarbons, as well as the trend of mole ratio of aliphatic hydrocarbons to PAHs at different loads.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Particulate Matter Emissions from a Low-Speed Marine Diesel Engine at Various Loads

Jiang¹,

Li³

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Particulate matter (PM) emissions from ships are increasingly posing health risks to population living along coastal areas. However, studies on the characteristics of particulate emissions from ships fueled with heavy fuel oil (HFO) are quite rare. In this paper, the characteristics of the PM sampled from the exhaust of a low-speed two-stroke common-rail marine diesel engine fueled with HFO are investigated at different loads. The thermal/optical carbon analyzer was employed to discriminate the elemental and organic carbons (EC and OC), the combustion-based elemental analysis was performed to obtain the C/H ratio, and the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer was used to analyze the molecular structure of the sample. With increasing loads, the EC/OC and C/H mass ratios and the mole ratio of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to aliphatic hydrocarbons increase. From transmission electron microscopy images, noticeable changes in nanostructure, size, morphology, and nanostructural parameters of soot particles were analyzed. Furthermore, the elemental spatial distribution in soot particles was observed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping. The main elements were detected by point-analyzed spectra. These results are believed to be valuable references for hazard evaluation and building a strategy of reducing particulate emissions from low-speed marine diesel engines.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Particulate Matter Emissions from a Low-Speed Marine Diesel Engine at Various Loads

Jiang¹,

Li³

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The hydrogen groups associated with the chemical shift seen in 1 H NMR spectra can yield structural information that allows classification of complex mixtures containing hundreds of aromatic, naphthenic, paraffinic, olefinic, and isoparaffinic compounds [45][46][47][48]. Fig.…”

Section: H Nmr Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then the spectrum of each sample was separated into characteristic regions for different protons (Ha, Hα, Hβ, and Hγ ) according to their position in the molecule, using as a guide the chemical shifts assigned to characterize heavy crude oil 1 H NMR spectra [45][46][47][48]. See the corresponding 1 H NMR assignments in Table 2.…”

Section: Ft-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

FT-IR and 1H NMR characterization of the products of an ethylene inverse diffusion flame

Santamarı́a

Mondragón

Molina

et al. 2006

Combustion and Flame

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Knowledge of the chemical structure of young soot and its precursors is very useful in the understanding of the paths leading to soot particle inception. This paper presents analyses of the chemical functional groups, based on FT-IR and 1 H NMR spectroscopy of the products obtained in an ethylene inverse diffusion flame. The trends in the data indicate that the soluble fraction of the soot becomes progressively more aromatic and less aliphatic as the height above the burner increases. Results from 1 H NMR spectra of the chloroform-soluble soot samples taken at different heights above the burner corroborate the infrared results based on proton chemical shifts (Ha, Hα, Hβ, and Hγ ). The results indicate that the aliphatic β and γ hydrogens suffered the most drastic reduction, while the aromatic character increased considerably with height, particularly in the first half of the flame.

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“…According to molecular dynamics simulation, asphaltenes dispersed in SCW tend to form a coke-like assembly spontaneously, accelerating the condensation of asphaltenes to coke . On the basis of the pyrolysis of asphaltenes in regular organic solvents, the capability of the solvent to donate H atoms also plays an important role in the reaction kinetics and the production distribution of the pyrolysis of asphaltenes. , By 1 H NMR analysis, the H atoms contained in hydrocarbons are classified as H Ar , H α , H γ , and H β . − Any hydrocarbons containing nonaromatic H atoms, such as tetralin, decalin, and polyolefins, can be potential H-donors to cap the aromatic carbon radicals essential to the condensation of asphaltenes. It is noteworthy that during the upgrading of heavy oil, asphaltenes are surrounded by maltenes containing a large amount of nonaromatic H atoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis of Asphaltenes in Subcritical and Supercritical Water: Influence of H-Donation from Hydrocarbon Surroundings

Liu

Tan

et al. 2017

Energy Fuels

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The pyrolysis of asphaltenes under hydrothermal environments covering the subcritical and supercritical regions of water was applied, and the influence of the presence of H-donors was surveyed by a reaction kinetics analysis based on the lumping approach. Under hydrothermal environments, the pyrolysis of asphaltenes consisting mainly of condensation to coke and decomposition to maltenes is significantly faster than that under a N2 environment. The H-donors introduced, decalin or maltenes, may provide nonaromatic H atoms, capping the carbon radicals essential to pyrolysis. Accordingly, the apparent activation energies of the condensation and the decomposition of asphaltenes both increase to varying degrees. The pyrolysis of asphaltenes in the presence of a small quantity of decalin is seriously retarded in subcritical water but recovers rapidly in supercritical water owning to the promoted initiation efficiency at high temperature. Accompanied by a large amount of maltenes, the decomposition to maltenes involved in the original pyrolysis network of asphaltenes can be neglected.

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NMR method for determination of aromatics in middle distillate oils

Cited by 31 publications

References 10 publications

Characteristics of Particulate Matter Emissions from a Low-Speed Marine Diesel Engine at Various Loads

Characteristics of Particulate Matter Emissions from a Low-Speed Marine Diesel Engine at Various Loads

FT-IR and 1H NMR characterization of the products of an ethylene inverse diffusion flame

Pyrolysis of Asphaltenes in Subcritical and Supercritical Water: Influence of H-Donation from Hydrocarbon Surroundings

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