Characteristics of Particulate Matter Emissions from a Low-Speed Marine Diesel Engine at Various Loads

Abstract

Particulate matter (PM) emissions from ships are increasingly posing health risks to population living along coastal areas. However, studies on the characteristics of particulate emissions from ships fueled with heavy fuel oil (HFO) are quite rare. In this paper, the characteristics of the PM sampled from the exhaust of a low-speed two-stroke common-rail marine diesel engine fueled with HFO are investigated at different loads. The thermal/optical carbon analyzer was employed to discriminate the elemental and organic carbons (EC and OC), the combustion-based elemental analysis was performed to obtain the C/H ratio, and the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer was used to analyze the molecular structure of the sample. With increasing loads, the EC/OC and C/H mass ratios and the mole ratio of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to aliphatic hydrocarbons increase. From transmission electron microscopy images, noticeable changes in nanostructure, size, morphology, and nanostructural parameters of soot particles were analyzed. Furthermore, the elemental spatial distribution in soot particles was observed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping. The main elements were detected by point-analyzed spectra. These results are believed to be valuable references for hazard evaluation and building a strategy of reducing particulate emissions from low-speed marine diesel engines.

Traffic, marine ships and nucleation as the main sources of ultrafine particles in suburban Shanghai, China

“…High emission factors of marine ships have been reported for particles of 4.8 × 10 15 # kg −1 fuel. 71 The PNSD of marine ship emissions is reported in the range of 25–60 nm, 61,62 which is in line with the PNSD of N′3. Liang et al 72 conducted cruise observations in the South China Sea and found that marine ship emissions accounted for about 44% of PNC 500 .…”

“…In a PMF study for London, fresh and aged traffic has also been distinguished by their differences in the peak time of PNC and mode of PNSD. 23 Inland river navigation close to the DSL site can be an additional possible source of UFPs, 61,62 but there is currently not enough evidence to prove that inland river navigation possesses a morning rush peak like that of vehicular traffic.…”

Recent Research Progress on Black Carbon Emissions from Marine Diesel Engines

“…There have been studies already on the parameters of microscopic BC agglomerates and fractal characteristics in diesel engines and combustion flames. In our previous study, the microscopic parameters from a high-power low-speed marine engine were investigated [67].…”

“…Based on the principle of thermophoresis and tempera-ture gradient, a new thermophoresis sampling probe was developed and combined with in situ sampling at different locations of the diesel spray flame. A characteristic analysis of BC has been achieved and presented in our previous publications [67,70]. Figure 11 shows the thermophoretic probing and experimental setup of a constant volume combustion explosive to generate the diesel spray flame used to sample the BC particles.…”

Analysis of Carbon Particulate Matter Removal Performance of Dual-Fuel Marine Engine with DOC + CDPF

“…In 2015, Francesco Di Natale presented a survey on the state-of-the-art knowledge of the physical-chemical properties, toxicology, and emissions of particles from ships [14]. In 2019, Jiang Hao also investigated the characteristics of the CPM sampled from the exhaust of a low-speed two-stroke common-rail marine diesel engine fueled with HFO at different loads [15]. With the optimization of the combustion technology of marine diesel engines, especially after dual-fuel engines have gradually gained market recognition, there are relatively few studies related to their carbon-containing particulate matter emission performance.…”