NMR imaging of elastomeric materials

Chang, C.T.Philip; Komoroski, Richard A.

doi:10.1021/ma00192a015

Cited by 71 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…(1) Differences in the magnetic susceptibility lead to magnetic field distortions, which magnify structures with different magnetic properties [28][29][30]361. (2) The crosslink density may vary for different locations in the sample.…”

Section: Investigation With Polarized Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of stress distributions in filled polysiloxane by NMR imaging

Blümler

Blümich

1993

Acta Polymerica

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NMR imaging is applied to industrial poly(dimethy1siloxane). Samples were investigated in the strained and unstrained state with and without a cut, and compared with two model compounds. Inhomogeneous filler distributions cause variations in the magnetic susceptibility and lead to contrast in gradient-echo images. T,-parameter images revealed distributions in segmental mobility associated with the filler inhomogeneities as well as with the cut.The images were recalibrated to give strain and stress images by use of integral stress and T, values determined for macroscopic uniaxial strain. The effects of filler inhomogeneities appear larger in the NMR images than in polarization micrographs because of magnification by magnetic field distortions from susceptibility differences in gradient-echo images, and because changes in segmental mobility of surrounding polymer chains are detected rather than the filler itself.The methods can also be applied to 3D imaging of nontransparent rubbers.

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Section: Investigation With Polarized Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of stress distributions in filled polysiloxane by NMR imaging

Blümler

Blümich

1993

Acta Polymerica

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“…Many elastomeric materials can also be investigated by conventional N M R imaging techniques (13). Typical proton linewidths in rubbers are 600 Hz for cis-poly(isoprene) and 2 kHz for poly(isobuty1ene) at room temperature, so that spatial resolution of 30 to 100 pm can be achieved with gradients of 500 mT/m.…”

Section: Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical proton linewidths in rubbers are 600 Hz for cis-poly(isoprene) and 2 kHz for poly(isobuty1ene) at room temperature, so that spatial resolution of 30 to 100 pm can be achieved with gradients of 500 mT/m. Questions of interest focus on the detection of inhomogeneities (6,13,(43)(44)(45)(46), phase separation (10,18,47), distributions in temperature (25,48), but also effects from stress induced crystallization and from aging can be observed (47).…”

Section: Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nondestructive evaluation of polymer materials by solid state NMR imaging

Blümich

Blümler

Günther

et al. 1991

Makromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia

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A b s t r a : Many polymer products are heterogeneous. Examples of heterogeneities are the chemical composition, distributions of mechanical stress, and variations in flexibility or molecular orientation. Applications of N M R imaging to polymers are summarized and investigations of the aging of rubber are reported as well as novel deuteron N M R techniques to image molecular order and mobility of polymers below the glass transition temperature.

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“…Diverse applications of NMR imaging in elastomers have appeared in the literature. Topics addressed are phase separation (9), selective determination of component distribution in multicomponent systems (10), aging (9,11,12), biodegradation (13), water uptake (14,15), morphology and defects (16,17), filler distribution (18), homogeneity of crosslink density (19 -21), and stress-induced effects (22)(23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%