Nitrous oxide release from arable soil: Importance of N-fertilization, crops and temporal variation

Kaiser, Ernst‐August; Kohrs, K.; Kücke, Martin; Schnug, Ewald; Heinemeyer, Otto; Munch, Jean Charles

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(98)00036-4

Cited by 246 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Many studies have found that NO 3 -is sequentially reduced to NO, N 2 O, and N 2 , and that more N 2 O is emitted from N fertilized soils (Mosier 1994;Vermoesen et al 1996;Drury et al 1998). Kaiser et al (1998) found, in a 3-yr study, that a linear increase in N fertilization rate (three application rates: 0, 105, 210 kg N ha -1 ) did not result in a linear increase in N 2 O emissions. Lower N 2 O emissions do not necessarily mean that there was a reduction in the total amount of nitrogenous gas emissions, particularly in soils amended with organic materials and/or nitrate.…”

Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Interactive effects of composts and liquid pig manure with added nitrate on soil carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

Yang¹,

Drury²,

Reynolds³

et al. 2003

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2003. Interactive effects of composts and liquid pig manure with added nitrate on soil carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Can. J. Soil Sci. 83: 343-352. The composting process results in immobilization of inorganic N. When high-Ndemanding crops are grown in compost-amended soils, additional N fertilizer is often applied. The combination of elevated nitrate levels from N fertilizer and high C inputs from the compost may result in enhanced greenhouse gas emissions. Hence, the objective of this laboratory incubation study was to characterize CO 2 and N 2 O emissions from a Brookston clay loam soil that has received organic amendments in the presence or absence of added nitrate. The organic amendments included urban yard waste compost (YWC), liquid pig manure + wheat straw compost (PMC), and liquid pig manure (LPM). The nitrate treatments included added nitrate (100 mg KNO 3 -N kg soil -1 ) or no added nitrate. Total CO 2 emissions during aerobic incubation followed the pattern: YWC > LPM > PMC > control (no organic amendments) for both nitrate treatments. Nitrate addition increased CO 2 emissions from the YWC-and LPM-amended soils by 9 and 43%, respectively, but had no significant effect (P < 0.05) on CO 2 emissions from the control or the PMC-amended soil. All organic amendments increased N 2 O emissions compared to the control. When nitrate was added to aerobically incubated LPM-amended soils, N 2 O emissions were increased over seven times; however, N 2 O emissions were decreased by 93% for PMC-amended soils and by 50% for YWC-amended soils. These decreases in N 2 O production occurred when nitrate was added to the YWC and PMC treatments under aerobic conditions but not under anaerobic conditions. Composted liquid pig manure was found to be more environmentally friendly than raw liquid pig manure as it stabilized the manure C and reduced CO 2 and N 2 O emissions compared to the liquid pig manure. . Pour le nitrate, le traitement consistait en l'addition ou pas de nitrate (100 mg de KNO 3 -N par kg de sol). Les dégagements totaux de CO 2 durant l'incubation aérobique suivent la progression YWC > LPM > PMC > témoin (aucun amendement organique) pour les deux traitements au nitrate. L'addition de nitrate augmente les émissions de CO 2 des sols bonifiés avec du YWC et du LPM de 9 % et de 43 % respectivement, sans incidence significative (P < 0,05) sur les émissions de ce gaz par le sol témoin et celui amendé avec du PMC. Tous les amendements organiques augmentent les dégagements de N 2 O comparativement au sol témoin. Quand on ajoute du nitrate au sol amendé avec du LPM, l'incubation aérobique multiplie les émissions de N 2 O par sept, mais ces dernières baissent de 93 % pour le sol bonifié avec du PMC et de 50 % pour celui amendé avec du YMC. Ces baisses surviennent quand le nitrate est ajouté à ces deux derniers types de sol dans des conditions aérobiques mais non anaérobiques. Le compost de lisier est moins dommageable pour l'environnement que le lisier b...

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Section: N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Interactive effects of composts and liquid pig manure with added nitrate on soil carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

Yang¹,

Drury²,

Reynolds³

et al. 2003

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…However, unlike in other crop species such as cereals, pod photosynthetic activity increases after flowering in rapeseed, making the relative contribution of leaf photosynthetic activity less important (Gammelvind et al 1996). Besides, late N remobilization may lead to greater N losses through a combination of leaf loss and a high N/C ratio in stems at harvest (Kaiser et al 1998;Baggs et al 2000). Hence, the superior N efficiency of hybrids compared to inbred lines, when studied under N limitation, is mainly related to nitrogen remobilization efficiency and not to delayed leaf senescence (Koeslin-Findeklee et al 2014).…”

Section: Following the Senescence Process In Rapeseedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen use efficiency in rapeseed. A review

Bouchet

Laperche

Bissuel-Bélaygue

et al. 2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

173

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Mineral nitrogen fertilization has improved crop yield over the last century but has also caused air and water pollution. Reduction of nitrogen inputs and maintaining high yields are therefore essential to ensure a more sustainable agriculture. Improving the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crops is therefore needed. Rapeseed, Brassica napus, depends on nitrogen fertilization due to its low NUE, with the ratio of plant nitrogen content to nitrogen supplied often not exceeding 60 %. Here, we review the major phenotypic traits associated with NUE in B. napus, with special emphasis on winter oilseed rape. We discuss the genetic diversity available and potential breeding strategies. The major points are the following: (1) rapeseed seed yield elaboration is complex, with overlapping phases of nitrogen uptake and remobilization during the crop cycle; (2) traits related to nitrogen uptake, such as root length and the amount of nitrogen absorbed after flowering, and traits related to nitrogen remobilization, such as the "staygreen" phenotype, have been identified as possible levers to improve NUE in rapeseed; (3) a substantial body of studies investigating the genetic control of NUE traits have already published and potential candidate genes identified; and (4) rapeseed genetic diversity may be enriched by exploiting interpopulation genetic variation and the closely related gene pools of Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea.

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“…However, Freibauer (2003) modelled N 2 O emissions at the European scale and showed a poor relationship between these emissions and fertilizer dose (0.4 % of the variability explained by the fertilizer dose). The "fertilizer dose" factor seems to lose influence as the spatial area considered increases (Gabrielle et al, 2006), confirmed by the study reported by Kaiser et al (1998), who found that 0.8 % of the variability was explained by the fertilizer dose. Thus, not incorporating the fertilizer dose into our extrapolation may not have produced a significant error in the nitrous oxide flux estimation in the end.…”

Section: Catchment Nitrous Oxide Budgetmentioning

confidence: 66%

Budget of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions at the watershed scale: role of land cover and topography (the Orgeval basin, France)

Vilain¹,

Garnier²,

Passy³

et al. 2012

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Agricultural basins are the major source of N 2 O emissions, with arable land accounting for half of the biogenic emissions worldwide. Moreover, N 2 O emission strongly depends on the position of agricultural land in relation with topographical gradients, as footslope soils are often more prone to denitrification. The estimation of land surface area occupied by agricultural soils depends on the available spatial input information and resolution. Surface areas of grassland, forest and arable lands were estimated for the Orgeval sub-basin using two cover representations: the pan . In this study, we have analyzed how different landcover representations influence and introduce errors into the results of regional N 2 O emissions inventories. A further introduction of the topography concept was used to better identify the critical zones for N 2 O emissions, a crucial issue to better adapt the strategies of N 2 O emissions mitigation. Overall, we observed that a refinement of the land-cover database led to a 5 % decrease in the estimation of N 2 O emissions, while the integration of the topography decreased the estimation of N 2 O emissions up to 25 %.

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Nitrous oxide release from arable soil: Importance of N-fertilization, crops and temporal variation

Cited by 246 publications

References 23 publications

Interactive effects of composts and liquid pig manure with added nitrate on soil carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

Interactive effects of composts and liquid pig manure with added nitrate on soil carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

Nitrogen use efficiency in rapeseed. A review

Budget of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions at the watershed scale: role of land cover and topography (the Orgeval basin, France)

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Nitrous oxide release from arable soil: Importance of N-fertilization, crops and temporal variation

Cited by 246 publications

References 23 publications

Interactive effects of composts and liquid pig manure with added nitrate on soil carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

Interactive effects of composts and liquid pig manure with added nitrate on soil carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soil under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

Nitrogen use efficiency in rapeseed. A review

Budget of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions at the watershed scale: role of land cover and topography (the Orgeval basin, France)

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Product

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Budget of N<sub>2</sub>O emissions at the watershed scale: role of land cover and topography (the Orgeval basin, France)