Nitrous oxide emission from different fertilizers and its mitigation by nitrification inhibitors in irrigated rice

Kumar, Upendra; Jain, Monika; Pathak, Himanshu; Kumar, Suman; Majumdar, Deepanjan

doi:10.1007/s003740000278

Cited by 71 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These values fall in the range 0.001-6.8% that was observed in cultivated soils (Bouwman 1990;Eichner 1990). The TI result is higher than that reported by Kumar et al (2000) who found that the total N 2 O-N emissions of applied N ranged from 0.08 to 0.14% through urea and (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 in paddy fields. However, it is lower than the results in most previous studies on paddy fields under the FDF water management (Table 3).…”

Section: Effect Of Water Management On N 2 O Emissionscontrasting

confidence: 77%

Nitrous oxide emissions from paddy fields under different water managements in southeast China

Peng

Hou

et al. 2011

Paddy Water Environ

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Water management is recognized as one of the most important factors in regulating nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from paddy fields. In China, controlled irrigation (CI) is widely applied because it has been proved highly effective in saving water. During the rice-growing season, the soil in CI paddy fields remains dry 60-80% of the time compared with soil irrigated by traditional methods. This study aims to assess N 2 O emissions from paddy fields under CI, with traditional irrigation (TI) as the control. The cumulative N 2 O emission from CI paddy fields was 2.5 kg N ha -1 , which was significantly greater than that from TI paddy fields (1.0 kg N ha -1 ) (P \ 0.05). Soil drying caused substantial N 2 O emissions. The majority (73.9%) of the cumulative N 2 O emission from CI paddy fields was observed during the drying phase, whereas no substantial N 2 O emissions were observed when the soil was re-wetted after the drying phase. More and significantly higher peaks of N 2 O emissions from CI paddy fields (P \ 0.05) were also detected. These peaks were observed *8 days after fertilizer application at water-filled pore spaces (WFPS) ranging from 78.0 to 83.5%, soil temperature ranging from 29.1 to 29.4°C, and soil redox potential (Eh) values ranging from ?207.5 to ?256.7 mV. The highest N 2 O emission was measured 8 days after the application of base fertilizer at a WFPS of 79.0%, soil temperature of 29.1°C, and soil Eh value of ?207.5 mV. These results suggest that N 2 O emissions may be reduced obviously by keeping the WFPS higher than 83.5% within 10 days after each fertilizer application, especially when the soil temperature is suitable.

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Section: Effect Of Water Management On N 2 O Emissionscontrasting

confidence: 77%

Nitrous oxide emissions from paddy fields under different water managements in southeast China

Peng

Hou

et al. 2011

Paddy Water Environ

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“…Dicyandiamide is the most widely used nitrification inhibitor (Edmeades 2004) with reductions in N 2 O emissions of between 11% (Kumar et al 2000a) and 96% (under controlled conditions in the laboratory, Hatch et al 2005). The efficacy of dicyandiamide depends upon the factors such as fertilizer type, temperature (Guiraud and Marol 1992), soil moisture (Kumar et al 2000b), the form of dicyandiamide applied (Di and Cameron 2006) or dicyandiamide application rates (Cookson and Cornforth 2002;Chaves et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide on microbial communities and N2O from an arable soil fertilized with ammonium sulphate

Carneiro

Cardenas²,

Hatch³

et al. 2009

Environ Chem Lett

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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) affects climate change as a greenhouse gas and indirectly contributes to stratospheric ozone depletion. The main source of N 2 O in soils is denitrification which requires high soil moisture, carbon and nitrate. Nitrification inhibitors can be used to mitigate emissions of N 2 O from soils. In Portugal, fertilisers are often applied when soils are still relatively warm and moist conditions conducive to denitrification. A Portuguese arable soil was inhibited with dicyandiamide, a nitrification inhibitor and the effect on soil microbiological activity and composition was determined after 46 days. Soils were then incubated and received carbon and ammonium under high soil water conditions and mineral N and N 2 O fluxes were measured during 22 days. We found that dicyandiamide decreased microbial populations and activity, but did not alter composition. Pre-conditioning of the soil with dicyandiamide was 80% more effective in reducing fluxes of N 2 O than simultaneous application with fertiliser.

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“…From a 3-year field experiment with different crop rotations, Weiske et al (2001) observed that DCD reduced the N 2 O emission on average by 26%. Kumar et al (2000) found that DCD reduced N 2 O emission from irrigated rice by 11%. DCD has also an effect on reducing CH 4 emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mitigation of N2O and CH4 Emission from Rice and Wheat Cropping Systems Using Dicyandiamide and Hydroquinone

Boeckx

Cleemput

2005

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Agriculture contributes considerably to the emission of greenhouse gases, such as N 2 O and CH 4 . Here we summarize results from previous pot experiments assessing the effectiveness of urease and nitrification inhibitors reducing both N 2 O and CH 4 emissions from wheat and rice cropping systems fertilized with urea (U). For the wheat cropping system, using a cambisol, we observed that the application of U with hydroquinone (HQ, a urease inhibitor), U with dicyandiamide (DCD, a nitrification inhibitor) and U with HQ plus DCD decreased the N 2 O emissions by 11.4, 22.3 and 25.1%, respectively. For the rice copping system, using a luvisol, we found that the application of U with HQ, U with DCD and U with HQ plus DCD decreased N 2 O emissions by 10.6, 47.0 and 62.3%, respectively, and CH 4 emissions by 30.1, 53.1 and 58.3%, respectively. In terms of total global warming potential (GWP) a reduction of 61.2% could be realized via the combined addition of HQ and DCD. The addition of wheat straw reduced the activity of HQ and DCD in the rice cropping experiments. In terms of total GWP only a reduction of 30.7% could be achieved. In general, both in upland and flooded conditions, the application of HQ and DCD alone was less effective than HQ in combination with DCD, but not significantly for U plus DCD treatment. Our observations may be further constrained, however, by practical, economic or social problems and should therefore be tested at the scale of a region (e.g. a watershed) and related to an integrated abatement of agricultural N losses.

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Nitrous oxide emission from different fertilizers and its mitigation by nitrification inhibitors in irrigated rice

Cited by 71 publications

References 17 publications

Nitrous oxide emissions from paddy fields under different water managements in southeast China

Nitrous oxide emissions from paddy fields under different water managements in southeast China

Effect of the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide on microbial communities and N2O from an arable soil fertilized with ammonium sulphate

Mitigation of N2O and CH4 Emission from Rice and Wheat Cropping Systems Using Dicyandiamide and Hydroquinone

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