Nitrous oxide emission by nitrification and denitrification in different soil types and at different soil moisture contents and temperatures

Maag, M.; Vinther, F.P.

doi:10.1016/0929-1393(96)00106-0

Cited by 334 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In addition to NO 3 À concentration and depth, sediment pH, C, and O 2 content and temperature may also affect the generation rates of N 2 O and N 2 (Del Grosso et al 2000;Dobbie and Smith 2001;Smith et al 2003;Zaman et al 2004Zaman et al , 2007Zaman et al , 2008b. The influence of this variety of sediment and environmental factors as discussed above could explain why a range of N 2 O : N 2 ratios (0-20) has been reported in the literature (Rolston et al 1978;Weier et al 1993;Maag and Vinther 1996;Cho et al 1997;Well et al 2001;Rochester 2003) and in our study (0.33-188; Table 8) and in other associated laboratory studies using pastoral and wetland sediments collected from areas within the same catchment (0.9-1.4) (Zaman et al 2007). …”

Section: Preliminary Testing Of the Push-pull Technique Within A Confmentioning

confidence: 95%

Nitrous oxide generation, denitrification, and nitrate removal in a seepage wetland intercepting surface and subsurface flows from a grazed dairy catchment

Zaman¹,

Nguyen

Gold

et al. 2008

Soil Res.

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Abstract.Little is known about seepage wetlands, located within agricultural landscapes, with respect to removing nitrate (NO 3 À ) from agricultural catchments, mainly through gaseous emissions of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and dinitrogen (N 2 ) via denitrification. These variables were quantified using a push-pull technique where we introduced a subsurface water plume spiked with 15 N-enriched NO 3 À and 2 conservative tracers [bromide (Br À ) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 )] into each of 4 piezometers and extracted the plume from the same piezometers throughout a 48-h period. To minimise advective and dispersive flux, we placed each of these push-pull piezometers within a confined lysimeter (0.5 m diameter) installed around undisturbed wetland soil and vegetation. Although minimal dilution of the subsurface water plumes occurred, NO 3 À -N concentration dropped sharply in the first 4 h following dosing, such that NO 3 À -limiting conditions (<2 mg/L of NO 3 -N) for denitrification prevailed over the final 44 h of the experiment. Mean subsurface water NO 3 À removal rates during non-limiting conditions were 15.7 mg/L.day. Denitrification (based on the generation of isotopically enriched N 2 O plus N 2 ) accounted for only 7% (1.1 mg/L.day) of the observed groundwater NO 3 À removal, suggesting that other transformation processes, such as plant uptake, were responsible for most of the NO 3 À removal. Although considerable increases in 15 N-enriched N 2 O levels were initially observed following NO 3 À dosing, no net emissions were generated over the 48-h study. Our results suggest that this wetland may be a source of N 2 O emissions when NO 3 À concentrations are elevated (non-limited), but can readily remove N 2 O (function as a N 2 O sink) when NO 3 À levels are low. These results argue for the use of engineered bypass flow designs to regulate NO 3 À loading to wetland denitrification buffers during high flow events and thus enhance retention time and the potential for NO 3 À -limiting conditions and N 2 O removal. Although this type of management may reduce the full potential for wetland NO 3 À removal, it provides a balance between water quality goals and greenhouse gas emissions.

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Section: Preliminary Testing Of the Push-pull Technique Within A Confmentioning

confidence: 95%

Nitrous oxide generation, denitrification, and nitrate removal in a seepage wetland intercepting surface and subsurface flows from a grazed dairy catchment

Zaman¹,

Nguyen

Gold

et al. 2008

Soil Res.

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“…No effect [Strauss et al, 2002;Strauss et al, 2004] Increased temperature Denitrification Increase to maximum [Silvennoinen et al, 2008a] Decrease [Silvennoinen et al, 2008a] Unknown Increase [Garcia-Ruiz et al, 1998b;Martin et al, 2001] No effect [Martin et al, 2001] Nitrification Increase [Starry et al, 2005] Decrease [Maag and Vinther, 1996] c Unknown No effect [Kemp and Dodds, 2002] Increased oxygen Denitrification Decrease [Kemp and Dodds, 2002;Silvennoinen et al, 2008a] Depends on temperature, range of O 2 [Silvennoinen et al, 2008a] Unknown Increase [Cavigelli and Robertson, 2000] c , [Betlach and Tiedje, 1981] c , [Weier et al, 1993] c Nitrification Increase [Kemp and Dodds, 2002] Decrease [Goreau et al, 1980] c ; [Khalil et al, 2004] c Unknown Increased pH Denitrification Increase [Müller et al, 1980] c Decrease [Cavigelli and Robertson, 2000]…”

Section: Unknownmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen enrichment and the emission of nitrous oxide from streams

Baulch¹,

Schiff²,

Maranger³

et al. 2011

Global Biogeochem. Cycles

120

101

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[1] Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a potent greenhouse gas produced during nitrogen cycling. Global nitrogen enrichment has resulted in increased atmospheric N 2 O concentrations due in large part to increased soil emissions. There is also a potentially important flux from streams, rivers and estuaries; although measurements of these emissions are sparse, and role of aquatic ecosystems in global N 2 O budgets remains highly uncertain. Using the longest-term measurements of N 2 O fluxes from streams to date, we found annual fluxes from 14 sites in five streams of south-central Ontario, Canada varied widely-from net uptake of 3.2 ± 0.2 (standard deviation) mmol N 2 O m −2 d −1 to net release of 776 ± 61 mmol N 2 O m −2 d −1 . N 2 O consumption was associated with very low nitrate concentrations (<2.7 mM). Mean annual (log-transformed) N 2 O emissions from our study streams (across sites and years) were positively related to nitrate concentrations (r 2 = 0.59).This nitrate-N 2 O relationship can be generalized across all 20 streams (in Canada, Japan, Mexico, and the midwestern United States) for which published data now exist and could provide a new basis for the IPCC to calculate agricultural emissions from streams. In addition to predicting annual emissions, we present the first measurements of N 2 O concentrations under ice in streams. Nitrate was a strong predictor of N 2 O % saturation during periods of ice cover (r 2 = 0.89), when gas exchange is negligible. Given the small surface area of streams within a catchment and the fact our measured areal fluxes are comparable to reported fluxes from agricultural soils, this suggests streams are a small regional N 2 O source.Citation: Baulch, H. M., S. L. Schiff, R. Maranger, and P. J. Dillon (2011), Nitrogen enrichment and the emission of nitrous oxide from streams, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 25, GB4013,

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“…Their activity is intensified in anaerobic environments or soil microsites with low O 2 availability (Moreira & Siqueira, 2006;Aita & Giacomini, 2007). In addition to these soil variables, temperature, water-filled pore space (WFPS), and pH have also been identified as N 2 O-production-controlling variables in agricultural soils, since they affect the activity of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria as well (Maag & Vinther, 1996;Weitz et al, 2001;Dalal et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postharvest nitrous oxide emissions from a subtropical oxisol as influenced by summer crop residues and their management

Escobar

Amado

Bayer

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Nitrous oxide emission by nitrification and denitrification in different soil types and at different soil moisture contents and temperatures

Cited by 334 publications

References 38 publications

Nitrous oxide generation, denitrification, and nitrate removal in a seepage wetland intercepting surface and subsurface flows from a grazed dairy catchment

Nitrous oxide generation, denitrification, and nitrate removal in a seepage wetland intercepting surface and subsurface flows from a grazed dairy catchment

Nitrogen enrichment and the emission of nitrous oxide from streams

Postharvest nitrous oxide emissions from a subtropical oxisol as influenced by summer crop residues and their management

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