Nitrous oxide and methane emissions from soil under integrated farming systems in southern Brazil

Dieckow, Jeferson; Zanatta, Josiléia Acordi; Moraes, Aníbal de; Zaman, Mohammad; Bayer, Cimélio

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154555

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Based on the assumption that N 2 O production occurs mainly by nitrification in WFPS up to 60% and by denitrification in WFPS greater than 60% [44,45], the N 2 O emissions in this study are presumably mainly the result of nitrification. However, some studies in the tropics [45] and temperate climates [46] reported higher N 2 O emissions at WFPS between 80-85%, while others suggest a range between 70% and 85% [19,47,48].…”

Section: N 2 O Emissions and Co-variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have already established the relationship between N 2 O emissions with WFPS [19] and soil mineral N [10,[49][50][51]. Furthermore, the soil nitrate and ammonium concentrations are influenced by factors that directly affect the soil microbial activity, such as rainfall and the agricultural system [52].…”

Section: N 2 O Emissions and Co-variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In view of the international commitments of the Brazilian government related to GHG reductions in the agricultural sector, efforts are underway to make agriculture practices more sustainable, e.g., by using integrated crop-livestock (ICL) systems that increase crop yields and reduce environmental impacts [15]. A greater diversification of plant species and the capacity to accumulate soil carbon (C) [16,17] and mitigate GHG, in particular N 2 O, has been reported in these ICL systems, which are based on pasture-crop rotation [18,19]. In addition, the soil N 2 O emissions from integrated systems are lower than from livestock grazing systems, possibly due to the lower water-filled pore space (WFPS) in the soils under integrated systems, which supposedly have a lower number of anaerobic microsites for denitrification [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A greater diversification of plant species and the capacity to accumulate soil carbon (C) [16,17] and mitigate GHG, in particular N 2 O, has been reported in these ICL systems, which are based on pasture-crop rotation [18,19]. In addition, the soil N 2 O emissions from integrated systems are lower than from livestock grazing systems, possibly due to the lower water-filled pore space (WFPS) in the soils under integrated systems, which supposedly have a lower number of anaerobic microsites for denitrification [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Long-Term Integrated Crop–Livestock System with Two Levels of P and K Fertilization

Carvalho

Ramos

Marchão

et al. 2022

Land

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions resulting from nitrogen (N) fertilization have been documented. However, no data on the effects of other nutrients, such as phosphate (P) and potassium (K), on N2O emissions in integrated crop–livestock systems are available so far. In the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 growing seasons, we measured N2O emissions from a long-term system, established in 1991 in the Cerrado biome (a tropical savanna ecoregion in Brazil), fertilized with two P and K levels. The studied no-tillage farming systems consisted of continuous crops fertilized with half of the recommended P and K rates (CC-F1), continuous crops at the recommended P and K rates (CC-F2), an integrated crop–livestock system with half of the recommended P and K rates (ICL-F1), and an integrated crop–livestock at the recommended P and K rates (ICL-F2). The cumulative N2O emissions (603 days) and soil chemical properties were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial design (long-term agricultural systems x fertilization). The cumulative N2O emissions from CC-F2 and ICL-F1 were 2.74 and 1.12 kg N ha−1, respectively. The yield-scaled N2O emissions from soybean were 55.5% lower from ICL-F1 than from CC-F2 in the 2015/2016 growing season. For off-season sorghum, the mean yield-scaled N2O emissions were 216 mg N2O m−2 kg−1 (in a range from 79.83 to 363.52 mg N2O m−2 kg−1, for ICL-F2 and CC-F1, respectively). The absence of pasture and the presence of soybean and sorghum promoted the highest cumulative N2O emissions, favored by the recommended rate in relation to half of the P and K. In the total evaluation period (603 days), the presence of grazed land in the years prior to this study and land fertilized with half the recommended P and K rates in an integrated crop–livestock system reduced the resulting cumulative N2O emissions by 59%. Thus, we conclude that crop–livestock systems can be beneficial in reducing P and K applications and also in mitigating N2O emissions in comparison with continuous cropping systems fertilized with the full recommended P and K rates. In view of the global fertilizer crisis, this aspect is extremely relevant for agriculture in Brazil and around the world.

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Section: N 2 O Emissions and Co-variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: N 2 O Emissions and Co-variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Long-Term Integrated Crop–Livestock System with Two Levels of P and K Fertilization

Carvalho

Ramos

Marchão

et al. 2022

Land

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“…ICLS have been increasingly adopted as a strategy to make farming more sustainable in several regions of the world (Sekaran et al, 2021), particularly in Brazil (Carvalho et al, 2010(Carvalho et al, , 2021. ICLS are known to improve nutrient cycling (Assmann et al, 2015;Deiss et al, 2019), soil C sequestration, greenhouse gases mitigation (Amadori et al, 2022;Bratti et al, 2022;Ribeiro, Ibarr et al, 2020), and animal (Carvalho et al, 2018) and crop production (Bernardon et al, 2020). Most of these improvements come from the pasture phase and its livestock component, but it depends greatly on the grazing management, which is one of the crucial factors that determine the ICLS success (Carvalho et al, 2018;Ribeiro, Ibarr et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing intensity and nitrogen fertilization effects on biomass and morphology of black oat roots in an integrated crop–livestock system

et al. 2023

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Grazing stimulates root and forage mass of perennial pastures, but few studies have addressed the effects of grazing on annual pastures which are often grown in short periods within integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLS). In these pastures, N fertilization is a common practice to increase forage mass, but its effects on root morphology are unclear. In a field experiment, we evaluated how grazing intensities (ungrazed, moderate, and heavy grazing) and N fertilization rates (0, 75, and 150 kg N ha−1) affected morphological attributes of oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) roots and forage accumulation in ICLS in Brazilian subtropics. Forage mass was evaluated in each grazing cycle and roots were sampled to a 30‐cm depth at the end of the grazing season in 2 years. Heavy and moderate grazing reduced (p < 0.05) forage accumulation by 15%–37% compared to ungrazed (4867 kg DM ha−1) in the first year, characterized by extended periods of water deficit, but in the second year forage accumulation from grazed and ungrazed was similar (p > 0.05), averaging 4273 kg ha−1. N fertilization increased forage accumulation in both the years, without differences between 75 and 150 kg N ha−1 in grazed treatments. Grazing and N rates mainly reduced root diameter and increased root N concentration. Increasing N fertilization rates increased root length but it was more expressive in the first year. Nitrogen fertilization with 75 or 150 kg N ha−1 on moderately grazed oat is an alternative to increase forage accumulation as it stimulates fine root development and increase N uptake, mainly when adverse climatic conditions can affect pasture growth.

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Clearfield upland rice intercropped with Urochloa ruziziensis for grain, increased revenue and environmental preservation

de Sousa Santos,

Nascente,

Lacerda

et al. 2024

Agronomy Journal

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Intercropping perennial forage grasses into cereal crops is an alternative to recover degraded pastures. However, the intercrop of forage grasses, such as Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ. and C. M. Evard) Crins (Congo grass), can lead to losses in cereal yield. Therefore, it is necessary to develop management strategies that allow forage grass establishment without major losses in cereal yield in intercropping. The objective was to study the agronomic and economic impacts of intercropping U. ruziziensis into a Clearfield upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar in the state of Goiás, Brazil, in two growing seasons. Treatments included forage grass seeds sowing method (broadcast or incorporation to the soil) and sowing times (at rice sowing, 20 days after emergence [DAE], and 45 DAE of rice). Also, imazapyr + imazapic herbicide was applied to restrict the competitive effect on rice yield. Monocropping control plots were also evaluated. Grain yield was measured on rice. Forage grass dry matter yield was measured at 30, 60, and 90 days after harvesting (DAH) of rice. Crude protein content was analyzed at 90 DAH. Profitability was calculated for each cropping system relative to rice monocropping. Intercropping of rice and U. ruziziensis sowed at 45 DAE provided the highest grain yield relative to other assessed intercropping treatments as well as rice monocropping. Concurrent sowing of rice and incorporated U. ruziziensis seeding provided the greatest economic return. This reformed cropping system improved land and pasture output, which can reduce the pressure to convert more land to agricultural use.

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Nitrous oxide and methane emissions from soil under integrated farming systems in southern Brazil

Cited by 18 publications

References 34 publications

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Long-Term Integrated Crop–Livestock System with Two Levels of P and K Fertilization

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Long-Term Integrated Crop–Livestock System with Two Levels of P and K Fertilization

Grazing intensity and nitrogen fertilization effects on biomass and morphology of black oat roots in an integrated crop–livestock system

Clearfield upland rice intercropped with Urochloa ruziziensis for grain, increased revenue and environmental preservation

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