Nitrosospira lacus sp. nov., a psychrotolerant, ammonia-oxidizing bacterium from sandy lake sediment

Abstract

A Gram-negative, spiral-shaped, chemolithotrophic, ammonia-oxidizing bacterium, designated APG3T , was isolated into pure culture from sandy lake sediment collected from Green Lake, Seattle, WA, USA. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain APG3 T belongs to cluster 0 of the genus Nitrosospira, which is presently not represented by described species, with Nitrosospira multiformis (cluster 3) as the closest species with a validly published name (identity of 98.6 % to the type strain). Strain APG3 T grew at 4 6C but could not grow at 35 6C, indicating that this bacterium is psychrotolerant. Remarkably, the strain was able to grow over a wide range of pH (pH 5-9), which was greater than the pH range of any studied ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in pure culture. The DNA G+C content of the APG3 T genome is 53.5 %, which is similar to that of Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196 T (53.9 %) but higher than that of Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC 19718 (50.7 %) and Nitrosomonas eutropha C71 (48.5 %). The average nucleotide identity (ANI) calculated for the genomes of strain APG3 T and Nitrosospira multiformis ATCC 25196 T was 75.45 %, significantly lower than the value of 95 % ANI that corresponds to the 70 % species-level cut-off based on DNA-DNA hybridization. Overall polyphasic taxonomy study indicated that strain APG3

Characteristics of ammonia oxidation potentials and ammonia oxidizers in mineral soil under Salix polaris–moss vegetation in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard

“…Therefore, the Nitrosospira ME cluster perhaps adapts to low temperatures and might play an important role in ammonia oxidation in Arctic soils. Recently, a psychrotolerant Nitrosospira species was also isolated from Canadian lake sediment (Urakawa et al 2015). Similar discoveries can be expected in future studies.…”

Differential responses of nitrifying archaea and bacteria to methylene blue toxicity

“…Three freshwater cultures, Nitrosomonas oligotropha , Nitrosomonas ureae and Nitrosospira lacus were maintained in 10 ml volume of APG medium (Urakawa et al . ). The concentrations of methylene blue used in our experiments were 10 ppb, 100 ppb, 1 ppm, 10 ppm which cover the normal dose of methylene blue used in aquaculture and aquarium environments in the range of 1–10 ppm (Collins et al .…”

“…; Urakawa et al . ). Nitrosococcus cells were calculated as spherical and other species were treated as cylinders.…”

“…Four marine cultures, Nitrosopumilus maritimus, Nitrosomonas cryotolerans, Nitrosomonas marina, and Nitrosococcus oceani were maintained in 10 ml of Crenarchaeota medium (SCM) containing 1 mmol l À1 of NH 4 Cl in 100 ml bottles as described previously (Martens-Habbena et al 2009;Urakawa et al 2012). Three freshwater cultures, Nitrosomonas oligotropha, Nitrosomonas ureae and Nitrosospira lacus were maintained in 10 ml volume of APG medium (Urakawa et al 2015). The concentrations of methylene blue used in our experiments were 10 ppb, 100 ppb, 1 ppm, 10 ppm which cover the normal dose of methylene blue used in aquaculture and aquarium environments in the range of 1-10 ppm (Collins et al 1975;Bower and Turner 1982).…”

Distribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in plateau soils across different land use types

“…Moreover, cluster a was the predominant AOB group containing 260 bacterial amoA gene sequences. These AOB sequences could be grouped with a number of cultivated Nitrosospira species (Nsp12, Nsp65, L115, APG3, CT2F, En13, PJA1, and 9SS1) (Mintie et al 2003;Purkhold et al 2003;Urakawa et al 2015). Cluster b was the second largest AOB group and had 42 members.…”