Nitrogen Uptake by Chinese Cabbage and Soil Chemical Properties as Affected by Successive Application of Chicken Manure Compost

Remediated soil can be one of valuable resources for sustainable agriculture after improving its quality and properties with proper treatments. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate changes in soil properties and soil quality for improving remediated soil contaminated with petroleum as affected by the applications of various organic amendments as soil conditioners including biochar (BC), charcoal (CC), and livestock manure compost (LC). Two remediated soils, remediated soil A and B (RSA and RSB) that previously contaminated with different concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons, were alkaline soils with up to 8.5 of soil pH, very low soil organic matter (SOM) contents and available phosphate (available P 2 O 5 ) concentrations, and very high exchangeable Ca concentrations. Thus, these soils had very unfavorable conditions for crop growth. RSA and RSB were treated with BC, CC, and LC in levels of 0.0%, 1.0%, and 5.0% on dry weight bases. The remediated soils treated with organic soil conditioners were incubated for 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks at room temperature (24 ± 2°C). SOM contents increased with all the treatments. In particular, SOM in RSB increased up to 19.5 g kg -1 with BC 5.0% treatment (BC5, 16-week), which was 2 times higher than that in both RSA and RSB soils without BC applications (Control soils). Also, available P 2 O 5 concentrations increased to 24.9 mg kg -1 (RSA, 16-week), and 17.0 mg kg -1 (RSB, 8-week) with BC5. However, available P 2 O 5 concentration in the remediated soils was very lower than that of the optimal value for cultivating crops suggested by National Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Republic of Korea. Available P 2 O 5 was negatively correlated with soil pH (p < 0.01) and exchangeable Ca (p < 0.01). Soil quality index (SQI) and weight additive soil quality index (SQI W ) were positively correlated with SOM (p < 0.01). The mean value of soil quality indices were 39.3, 56.0, 40.0, and 54.5 for RSA Control, RSA BC5, RSB Control, and RSB BC5, respectively. The highest soil quality index was found in the remediated soil with BC treatment. The remediated soils require the immediate solution for the poor soil quality, and thus should need methodical and continuous management.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Quality Assessment Based on Different Properties of Remediated Soil Affected by Various Organic Amendments

Kim¹,

Ahn

Lee

2019

“…비료사용 실태 조사는 비료사용량을 직접 ‧ 간접 방법을 통하여 실제 농경지에 시비된 비료를 조사하고, 이를 통해 작물생산과 농업환경의 변화 양상을 평가 및 비료 사용의 문제점을 파악하는데 있다 (RDA, 2017). 기존 연구에 따르 면, 고랭지 작물 (Lee et al, 2006) 및 밀 재배를 위한 시비 (Kim et al, 2016), 화학비료 사용실태 (Gil, 2000) Yun et al, 2009;Choi et al, 2010;Diacono and Montermurro, 2010;Lim et al, 2011)…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estimation of Nutrient Balance in Field Crops Applied with Different Fertilization

Kim

Park

et al. 2018

Korea is one of those countries that have very high usage rates of chemical fertilizers per unit area of cropland.To reduce the fertilizer application rate, a variety of agricultural polices has been introduced since the 1990s. The purpose of this study was conducted to find out the situation of fertilizer use on vegetable crops at 720 farmer's fields located in 9 province area. Organic fertilizer application rates increased in major field crops. Chemical fertilizer application rates decreased in most of the field crops and vegetables surveyed; however, this reduction was concentrated in phosphate and potassium usage but not in nitrogen. In spite of this decrease, the fertilizer application levels to most crops were maintained at levels much higher than recommended. In the nutrient balance, which was calculated from the difference between input (chemical and organic fertilizers) and output (agricultural products), the nitrogen surplus were higher than recommendation fertilizer application rate. To reduce fertilizer utilization and to conserve environment, further reduction of fertilizer application is essential.

“…46, 2.92, 4.38 Mg ha -1 를 논에 시용한 결과, 벼 정조지수는 NPK 대비 약 102, 121, 90%로 유기질비료 시용량에 따라 수량의 차이가 난다고 하였다. 또한 유기질 비 료 시용은 용적밀도, 투수성 및 통기성, CEC, pH 및 유효인산 등 토양특성에 영향을 미치기도 한다 (Mader et al, 2002;Diacono and Montermurro, 2012;Lim et al, 2011;Choi et al, 2010;Yun, 2009). 그러나 유기질비료의 과다 시용은 토양 중 염류를 축적시켜 작물의 수분 흡수를 저해하고, 이온독성을 유발하여 작물생육 장애를 초래한다 (Cho and Park, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estimation of Optimum Organic Fertilizer Application under Fertilizer Recommendation System

Kim

Park

et al. 2018

Organic fertilizer has been one of soil management to improve crop productivity and soil fertility. Unfortunately, there is little information on optimum level of organic fertilizer for crop cultivation. In this study, we were tried to use the fertilizer recommendation system for determining organic fertilizer application under upland soil condition. This work was carried out; 1) to compare the effects of organic fertilizer and compost application on yields of Chinese cabbage, and 2) to estimate optimum levels on three types of organic fertilizer of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400% with 320 kg N ha -1 . The yield of Chinese cabbage in organic fertilizer plots was ranged from 71.3 to 74.1% compared to yield index of NPK. which was 2-7 times higher than in compost treatments due to improvement of N uptake efficiency. However, organic fertilizer was required addition of about 1.5-2.0 times amount to the 4 Mg ha -1 to gain the same yield of NPK treatment, these was similar soil properties of NPK treatments. This result indicated that fertilizer recommendation system could be alternative to calculate optimum levels of organic fertilizer for crop cultivation in upland soil.