Nitrogen supply and sink demand modulate the patterns of leaf senescence in maize

Kitonyo, Onesmus M.; Sadras, Víctor O.; Zhou, Yi; Denton, Matthew D.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2018.05.015

Cited by 52 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…with the sole proso millet treatment at maturity (Table 3). These results are in good agreement with a previous work on maize plants where nitrogen supply increased photosynthetic activity and delayed the leaf senescence (Lima et al 1999, Kitonyo et al 2018. These findings suggested that intercropping treatment is important in delaying the progress of proso millet leaf senescence, and increases the activities of photosynthetic reaction centers and improves electron transfer quantum efficiency of PSII and excess light energy utilization, which might decrease excess energy dissipation as heat.…”

Section: Yearsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of intercropping on leaf senescence related to physiological metabolism in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)

Gong¹,

Liu²,

Uzizerimana³

et al. 2019

Photosynt.

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The field experiments were conducted to explore the changes in metabolism related to leaf senescence in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) under proso millet/mung bean intercropping system. Results showed that intercropping increased leaf photosynthesis, as measured by the increased net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, and decreased nonphotochemical quenching coefficient. These responses resulted in the increased leaf number and area and reduced yellowing leaf rate; leaf photosynthetic capacity was maintained for longer periods. Such improvements occurred due to enhanced activities of protective enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase) and lowered malondialdehyde and superoxide radical contents. This conclusion was supported by the increased N metabolism in leaves. The grain yield was stimulated by 6.8-37.3% compared to the sole system. Intercropping patterns would delay proso millet leaf senescence and increase grain yield in this region.

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Section: Yearsupporting

confidence: 92%

Effect of intercropping on leaf senescence related to physiological metabolism in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)

Gong¹,

Liu²,

Uzizerimana³

et al. 2019

Photosynt.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Third, because the senescence process is also influenced by a range of environmental factors, such as low nutrient supply, photoperiod, temperature, and drought ( Lim et al, 2007 ; Schippers et al, 2015 ; Santos Matos, 2020 ), small variations in the environment may affect the leaf senescence intensity promoted by the hyperactive ACD6 allele. Several genetic analyses pointed out that both the onset and the duration of leaf senescence act on the grain filling in crop plants ( Hafsi et al, 2000 ; Gregersen et al, 2013 ; Xie et al, 2016 ; Kitonyo et al, 2018 ). For instance, Xie et al (2016) showed that a delayed but fast leaf senescence promoted grain-filling rates in bread wheat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACCELERATED CELL DEATH 6 Acts on Natural Leaf Senescence and Nitrogen Fluxes in Arabidopsis

et al. 2021

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As the last step of leaf development, senescence is a molecular process involving cell death mechanism. Leaf senescence is trigged by both internal age-dependent factors and environmental stresses. It must be tightly regulated for the plant to adopt a proper response to environmental variation and to allow the plant to recycle nutrients stored in senescing organs. However, little is known about factors that regulate both nutrients fluxes and plant senescence. Taking advantage of variation for natural leaf senescence between Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, Col-0 and Ct-1, we did a fine mapping of a quantitative trait loci for leaf senescence and identified ACCELERATED CELL DEATH 6 (ACD6) as the causal gene. Using two near-isogeneic lines, differing solely around the ACD6 locus, we showed that ACD6 regulates rosette growth, leaf chlorophyll content, as well as leaf nitrogen and carbon percentages. To unravel the role of ACD6 in N remobilization, the two isogenic lines and acd6 mutant were grown and labeled with 15N at the vegetative stage in order to determine 15N partitioning between plant organs at harvest. Results showed that N remobilization efficiency was significantly lower in all the genotypes with lower ACD6 activity irrespective of plant growth and productivity. Measurement of N uptake at vegetative and reproductive stages revealed that ACD6 did not modify N uptake efficiency but enhanced nitrogen translocation from root to silique. In this study, we have evidenced a new role of ACD6 in regulating both sequential and monocarpic senescences and disrupting the balance between N remobilization and N uptake that is required for a good seed filling.

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“…The lack of increased chlorophyll meter measurements with an increase of PGR rate for Expt. 2 could have been due to the use of foliar resources for inflorescence development (Kitonyo et al, 2018;Leopold, 1961). Interestingly, chlorophyll meter measurements for Expt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substrate Drench Applications of Flurprimidol and Paclobutrazol Influence Growth of Swamp Sunflower

Barrios

Ruter

2019

hortte

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ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. Asteraceae, chlorophyll meter, flower diameter, growth index, Helianthus simulans, plant growth regulator, plant height, SPAD SUMMARY. Swamp sunflower (Helianthus simulans) is an underused perennial plant native to the southeastern United States that produces an abundance of golden yellow inflorescences in the fall. It is a vigorous grower and tolerates a wide variety of soil conditions, growing in wetland and nonwetland habitats. Swamp sunflower warrants wider use in perennial beds and landscapes, and research on production practices to make plants more suitable for shipping could promote its production. This study evaluated the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on the growth and floral attributes of the swamp sunflower. Treatments were applied to rooted cuttings in 1-gal pots as a substrate drench of 1, 2, 4, or 6 mg/pot paclobutrazol; 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 mg/pot flurprimidol; or water (control)/pot for Expt. 1. A second experiment (Expt. 2) applied 4, 6, or 8 mg/pot paclobutrazol; 2, 4, or 6 mg/pot flurprimidol; or water (control)/pot. Six weeks after treatment (WAT) for Expt. 1, paclobutrazol applied at 4 and 6 mg/pot and flurprimidol at 2 and 4 mg/pot resulted in smaller plants (as reflected by growth index) by 29%, 34%, 22%, and 48%, respectively, compared with the control. Furthermore, at the termination (6 WAT) of Expt. 1, the highest rate of flurprimidol produced the smallest plants, with the exception of the highest rate of paclobutrazol. By 6 WAT, plants treated with the highest rate of paclobutrazol and flurprimidol had lower dry weights and higher chlorophyll measurements than control. All PGR treatments for Expt. 2 resulted in smaller plants than the control by 27% to 36% at 4 WAT and 23% to 41% at 6 WAT. Differences for internode length and flower diameter were observed for Expts. 1 and 2, respectively. Results from these experiments suggest a substrate drench application of 6 mg/pot paclobutrazol or 4 mg/pot flurprimidol can be used for producing smaller plants compared with nontreated plants for swamp sunflower under greenhouse conditions.

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Nitrogen supply and sink demand modulate the patterns of leaf senescence in maize

Cited by 52 publications

References 52 publications

Effect of intercropping on leaf senescence related to physiological metabolism in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)

Effect of intercropping on leaf senescence related to physiological metabolism in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)

ACCELERATED CELL DEATH 6 Acts on Natural Leaf Senescence and Nitrogen Fluxes in Arabidopsis

Substrate Drench Applications of Flurprimidol and Paclobutrazol Influence Growth of Swamp Sunflower

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