Nitrogen remobilization and post-anthesis nitrogen uptake in relation to elevated grain protein concentration in durum wheat

Abstract

2011. Nitrogen remobilization and post-anthesis nitrogen uptake in relation to elevated grain protein concentration in durum wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 273Á282. Grain protein concentration is an important end-use suitability factor in durum wheat [Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum (Desf.)Husn.] through its effect on cooking quality. Genetic differences in grain protein concentration are exploited in Canadian durum breeding programs, but the physiological basis of these differences remains unknown. Eighteen durum genotypes varying in grain protein concentration were grown at three pre-selected Saskatchewan locations that differ for soil nitrogen (N). These included check cultivars and six low-and six high-protein doubled haploid (DH) selections from the cross DT695)Strongfield (low-by high-protein). Plants were sampled at the anthesis, milk, dough and physiological maturity developmental stages, and dry matter and N concentration of plant parts were determined. The high-protein selections expressed 0.6 to 1.1 percentage units higher grain protein concentration than the low selections over the three environments (PB0.05), but yielded less grain than the low selections in two of the three environments. Remobilization of N from vegetative organs to grain varied with environment and accounted for 73 to 98% of grain N, the remainder made up from post-anthesis N uptake. The high-protein selections showed greater post-anthesis N uptake than the low selections in two of three environments (P B0.01), but lower N remobilization from vegetative organs to the grain than the low selections in the same environments (PB0.05). Subtle differences in N and dry matter partitioning accounted for the observed differences in grain protein concentration. Suprayogi, Y., Clarke, J. M., Bueckert, R., Clarke, F. R. et Pozniak, C. J. 2011. La remobilisation de l'azote et l'absorption d'azote apre`s l'anthe`se, et leurs liens avec la concentration e´leve´e de prote´ines dans le grain du ble´dur. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 273Á282. La concentration de prote´ines dans le grain joue un roˆle important dans l'utilite´du ble´dur (Triticum turgidum L.ssp. durum (Desf.) Husn.), ce facteur affectant la qualite´a`la cuisson. Les programmes d'hybridation canadiens exploitent la variation ge´ne´tique de la concentration de prote´ines dans le grain, mais on ignore l'origine physiologique des e´carts observe´s. Les auteurs ont cultive´dix-huit ge´notypes de ble´dur a`concentration de prote´ines variable dans le grain. Les essais se sont de´roule´s a`trois endroits de la Saskatchewan, pre´se´lectionne´s en raison d'une teneur en azote (N) variable dans le sol. Les ge´notypes incluaient des cultivars te´moins et six doubles haploı¨des a`faible ou a`forte teneur en prote´ines issus du croisement DT695)Strongfield (varie´te´a`faible teneur en prote´ines avec varie´te´a`forte teneur en prote´ines). Les plants ont e´te´e´chantillonne´s a`l'anthe`se, au stade du grain laiteux, au stade paˆteux et a`la maturite´physiologique, et les auteurs ont de´termine´la quantit...

Characterization of brazilian wheat cultivars in terms of nitrogen use efficiency

“…The genotype by environment interaction (G×E) was significant for all traits, except for harvest index (HI). These results are similar to those reported by Barraclough et al (2010), Haile et al (2012) and Suprayogi et al (2011). The coefficients of variation ranged from 2.0 to 7.4%, indicating high experimental precision.…”

“…In the present study, the NHI ranged from 0.71 to 0.84 (Figure 5a). It was characterized as existing low amplitude variation in Brazilian wheat cultivars compared to the results obtained by Barraclough et al (2010) and Suprayogi et al (2011) (Figure 5a). The NHI was positively correlated with GPC K (0.49*) only in Coxilha (Figure 6f ), agreeing partially with the results reported by Haile et al (2012), who found correlations between NHI and NUtEg (0.76) and GPC N (0.42 ).…”

Parcelamento e fontes de nitrogênio na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de trigo

“…Em nível fisiológico, a formação de proteínas, importantes no processo de germinação das sementes, envolve mecanismos de absorção de nitrogênio pelas raízes, acúmulo nos órgãos vegetativos e posterior remobilização para os grãos para a formação e configuração proteica (TRIBOÏ et al 2003). Este nitrogênio remobilizado é responsável por cerca de 80% do conteúdo total do nutriente no grão (SUPRAYOGI et al 2011 e aproveitamento deste nutriente. Pesquisas avaliando o efeito do parcelamento de nitrogênio durante a fase de panícula em arroz em consórcio com trigo revelaram que a aplicação antecipada de nitrogênio, reduz significativamente as perdas deste nutriente, assegurando uma alta taxa de absorção (XU et al 2015).…”

Efeitos de enxofre e nitrogênio na qualidade industrial e no rendimento de grãos de trigo

“…Nitrogen is a substance that plays an essential role in wheat crops due to stimulating tiller emergence and for actuating in the determination of the amount of grains per spike and the grain weight, which are yield primary components of crops (NARDINO et al 2013). Nitrogen remobilization from the plant vegetative structure to the grains is approximately 80% of the total nutrient content in the grains, while the remainder is provided by post-anthesis absorption (SUPRAYOGI et al 2011). The importance of a good availability of nitrogen in later stages such as in ear development is also because the ear spikelets are farthest from the base and have shorter nutrient accumulation periods, which may compromise the density thereof (ANDERSSON et al 2004).…”