Nitrogen Partitioning Within the Potato (Solarium tuberosum L) Plant in Relation to Nitrogen Supply

Millard, P.; Robinson, David; Mackie-Dawson, L. A.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087744

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Harvest indices obtained in this study are within the range of 60% to 90% reported for different potato cultivars in the literature (Wright and Stark, 1990, and references therein). Errebhi et al (1999) reported a mean HI of 84% for 'Russet Norkotah,' 'Red Norland,' and 'Russet Burbank' potatoes that received 225 kg·ha -1 of N. In separate studies, the cultivar 'Maris Piper' partitioned 70% (Oparka et al, 1987) and 80% (Millard et al, 1989) of total plant biomass to tubers when fertilized with 240 and 200 kg·ha -1 of N, respectively. NITROGEN ACCUMULATION AND N USE EFFICIENCY INDICES.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass Partitioning and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of `Superior' Potato Following Genetic Transformation for Resistance to Colorado Potato Beetle

Zvomuya

Rosen²

2002

jashs

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Current techniques used in genetic transformation can result in variation of numerous traits in addition to the transformed trait. Backcrossing to the standard genotype can eliminate this variation, but because of the heterozygous nature of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L), backcrossing is not effective. Therefore, the chances of obtaining altered performance in transformed potato are high. `Superior' potato plants were recently genetically modified to resist attack and damage by the Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)]. The transformed clone, `NewLeaf Superior' (`NewLeaf'), has been shown in previous field trials to be more vigorous than the standard clone. The objective of this 2-year study was to evaluate the performance of `NewLeaf' relative to that of the standard clone at various fertilizer nitrogen (N) levels. The two clones were randomly assigned as subplots to main plots consisting of four N levels (28, 112, 224, or 336 kg·ha-1). Based on regression analysis, total yield was higher for `NewLeaf' than for `Superior' at N rates below 92 kg·ha-1 in 1997. At higher rates, however, `Superior' had higher yields than the transgenic clone. In 1998, the clon×N rate interaction was significant, but there was no consistent trend to the response of the two clones to N application. At the 112 kg·ha-1 N rate, total yield was higher for `NewLeaf' than for `Superior', but yields were similar for the two clones at other N rates investigated. Nitrogen and biomass accumulation in vines increased more for `NewLeaf' than for `Superior' as N rate was increased from 28 to 336 kg·ha-1. At equivalent N rates, these traits were higher for the transformed than for the standard clone within the range of N rates investigated. However, harvest index at equivalent N rates was higher for the standard clone than for `NewLeaf'. `Superior' and `NewLeaf' produced similar tuber dry weight yields per unit of N supplied and per unit of N absorbed by the plant. Nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUE) was 16% higher for `NewLeaf' than for the standard clone at the low N rate (112 kg·ha-1), whereas at higher N rates NUE was either lower for `NewLeaf' or similar for the two clones. This observation, together with the finding that yield for `NewLeaf' was maximized at lower N levels than the standard clone, suggests that `NewLeaf' may require lower N input than the standard clone. Results from the study indicate that the greater efficiency of `NewLeaf' at lower N levels was associated with acquisition of N from the soil rather than utilization of absorbed N in metabolism.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass Partitioning and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of `Superior' Potato Following Genetic Transformation for Resistance to Colorado Potato Beetle

Zvomuya

Rosen²

2002

jashs

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“…Uptake of nitrate following senescence probably augments pools of amino acids and soluble protein (Cyr and Bewley 1989). The formation of tuber storage proteins in Solanum tuberosum, in contrast, relies exclusively on remobilization of nitrogen from foliage and not on current uptake by the roots (Millard et al 1989 Unlike carbohydrate metabolism, nitrogenous components responded significantly to the stress induced by foliar excision, with reductions in all three pools by mid-fal\ (Fig, 3), The removal of source leaves prior to senescence places a severe limitation on the availability of remobilized nitrogen, thus accounting for a substantial proportion of this response. However, reduced uptake of nitrate during late fall is a potential contributing factor to the lower levels of amino acids and soluble protein (Fig, 3), Although defoliation and decapitation represent different physiological perturbations, the changes induced in amino acid and protein pools are similar (Fig, 3), However, after defoliation, a transient increase of nitrate in November exceeds that recorded for non-defoliated controls and decapitated plants (Fig, 3), The stimulation of nitrate uptake under defoliating conditions has been reported previously (Ourry et al, 1988, Verkaar 1988), Because the apical meristem and fruiting bodies remain intact during this perturbation, it appears that active sinks play a role in the regulation of uptake and reduction of nitrogen by leafy spurge roots.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation in nitrogen storage reserves in the roots of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) and responses to decapitation and defoliation

Cyr¹,

Bewley²

1990

Physiol Plant

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1990, Seasonal variation in nitrogen storage reserves in the roots of leafy sptirge (Euphorbia esula) and responses to decapitation and defoliation, -Physiol. Plant. 78: 361-366.Seasonal fluctuations of carbohydrates and nitrogenous components in the roots of the noxious perennial leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) are strongly associated with overwintering strategy, Amino acids and distinct soluble proteins accumulate during fall and remain at elevated levels throughout winter. The formation of carbohydrate reserves in roots was not significantly affected by decapitation or selective defoliation; however, maximum amino acid and soluble protein contents were markedly reduced. In particular, the accumulation pattern of a 26 kDa protein was altered. This protein may play a role in plant conditioning and regenerative potential.

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“…At the end of the growth cycle, photoassimilates and nitrogen are remobilized from tuber shoots (Moorby 1970, Millard et al 1989. This remobilization entails a reduction in leaf longevity and is more articulated in the early cultivars that generally have smaller shoots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duration of the growth cycle and the yield potential of potato genotypes

Silva¹,

Pinto²

2005

CBAB

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Nitrogen Partitioning Within the Potato (Solarium tuberosum L) Plant in Relation to Nitrogen Supply

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Biomass Partitioning and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of `Superior' Potato Following Genetic Transformation for Resistance to Colorado Potato Beetle

Biomass Partitioning and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of `Superior' Potato Following Genetic Transformation for Resistance to Colorado Potato Beetle

Seasonal variation in nitrogen storage reserves in the roots of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) and responses to decapitation and defoliation

Duration of the growth cycle and the yield potential of potato genotypes

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