Nitrogen in the Process of Waste Activated Sludge Anaerobic Digestion

Suschka, J.; Grűbel, Klaudiusz

doi:10.2478/aep-2014-0021

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the process of anaerobic decomposition of organic substances, organic nitrogen is converted into ammonium nitrogen, whereas part of organic nitrogen is bound in biomass [49]. The efficiency of ammonium nitrogen formation depends on the digestion chamber load and the process temperature [50]. Snell (1943) was the first to observe that during the decomposition of proteins, 75%-90% of organic nitrogen was converted into ammonium nitrogen [51].…”

Section: Digestion Process Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Lignin as a Microbial Carrier in the Co-Digestion of Cheese and Wafer Waste

et al. 2019

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The aim of the article was to present the effects of lignin grafted with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a microbial carrier in anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of cheese (CE) and wafer waste (WF). Individual samples of waste cheese and wafers were also tested. The PVP modifier was used to improve the adhesive properties of the carrier surface. Lignin is a natural biopolymer which exhibits all the properties of a good carrier, including nontoxicity, biocompatibility, porosity, and thermal stability. Moreover, the analysis of the zeta potential of lignin and lignin combined with PVP showed their high electrokinetic stability within a wide pH range, that is, 4-11. The AcoD process was conducted under mesophilic conditions in a laboratory by means of anaerobic batch reactors. Monitoring with two standard parameters: pH and the VFA/TA ratio (volatile fatty acids-to-total alkalinity ratio) proved that the process was stable in all the samples tested. The high share of N-NH 4 + in TKN (total Kjeldahl nitrogen), which exceeded 90% for WF+CE and CE at the last phases of the process, proved the effective conversion of nitrogen forms. The microbiological analyses showed that eubacteria proliferated intensively and the dehydrogenase activity increased in the samples containing the carrier, especially in the system with two co-substrates (WF+CE/lignin) and in the waste cheese sample (CE/lignin). The biogas production increased from 1102.00 m 3 Mg −1 VS (volatile solids) to 1257.38 m 3 Mg −1 VS in the WF+CE/lignin sample, and from 881.26 m 3 Mg −1 VS to 989.65 m 3 Mg −1 VS in the CE/lignin sample. The research results showed that the cell immobilization on lignin had very positive effect on the anaerobic digestion process.

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Section: Digestion Process Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Lignin as a Microbial Carrier in the Co-Digestion of Cheese and Wafer Waste

et al. 2019

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“…Hence, during the experiment, a successive increase in the concentration of N-NH 4 + was noticed (see Table 3), and there was a decline recorded in the last stage of the process due to the exhaustion of organic matter. The efficiency of the formation of ammonium nitrogen hinges on the load of the fermentation chamber and the heat during the process [51,52]. The volume of biogas obtained from the waste wafers, converted into volatile solids (VS) was 705.16 m 3 Mg −1 vs. (see Figure 6) with a methane 356.11 m 3 Mg −1 VS.…”

Section: Stability and Performance Of Anaerobic Digestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silica/Lignin Carrier as a Factor Increasing the Process Performance and Genetic Diversity of Microbial Communities in Laboratory-Scale Anaerobic Digesters

et al. 2021

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The article aims to present results of research on anaerobic digestion (AD) of waste wafers (WF-control) and co-substrate system–waste wafers and cheese (WFC-control), combined with digested sewage sludge, as inoculum. The purpose of this paper is to confirm the outcome of adding silica/lignin (S/L; 4:1) material, as a microbial carrier, on the process performance and genetic diversity of microbial communities. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory under mesophilic conditions, in a periodical operation mode of bioreactors. Selected physicochemical parameters of the tested carrier, along with the microstructure and thermal stability, were determined. Substrates, batches and fermenting slurries were subjected to standard parameter analysis. As part of the conducted analysis, samples of fermented food were also tested for total bacterial count, dehydrogenase activity. Additionally, DNA extraction and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were carried out. As a result of the conducted study, an increase in the volume of produced biogas was recorded for samples fermented with S/L carrier: in the case of WF + S/L by 18.18% to a cumulative biogas yield of 833.35 m3 Mg−1 VS, and in the case of WFC + S/L by 17.49% to a yield of 950.64 m3 Mg−1 VS. The largest total bacterial count, during the process of dehydrogenase activity, was maintained in the WFC + S/L system. The largest bacterial biodiversity was recorded in samples fermented with the addition of cheese, both in the case of the control variant and in the variant when the carrier was used. In contrast, three phyla of bacteria Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria predominated in all experimental facilities.

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“…Disruption of microbial cells releases proteins into the aqueous phase of WAS [16]. The concentration of nitrogen in protein is historically assumed to be 16% [51,52]. Thus, the concentration of proteins in WAS was calculated as 6.25 times the total nitrogen [49].…”

Section: Total Nitrogen and Soluble Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Pretreatments on Sludge Solubilization and Estimation of Bioenergy Potential

2021

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Most of the conventional treatments of waste-activated sludge (WAS) are devoted to their minimization and destruction. On the other hand, the biomass contained in WAS can be utilized as a valuable source of renewable carbon. In this study, the influence of different pretreatments (ultrasonication, chemical, thermal, and combined pretreatments) was explored for sludge solubilization. Effects of the pretreatments were investigated as a function of the solubilization of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Concentrations of soluble carbohydrates and total nitrogen were also measured. The most effective pretreatment to hydrolyze sludge was found to be the combined alkali–thermal (pH 12, 75 °C) pretreatment method, leading to TS and vs. solubilization of 9.6% and 17.2%, respectively. Soluble COD, carbohydrates, total nitrogen, and proteins estimated in the liquid phase were 5235 mg/L, 732 mg/L, 430 mg/L, and 2688 mg/L, respectively. Thus, the alkali–thermal method could be used for efficient valorization of WAS. Moreover, the solid fraction from all pretreated samples was further subjected to thermogravimetric analysis to estimate its potential for bioenergy from its higher heating value (HHV), which was found to be in the range of 10–11.82 MJ/kg. This study can provide better insight into the efficient valorization of liquid and solid phases of sludge after pretreatment.

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Nitrogen in the Process of Waste Activated Sludge Anaerobic Digestion

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

The Use of Lignin as a Microbial Carrier in the Co-Digestion of Cheese and Wafer Waste

The Use of Lignin as a Microbial Carrier in the Co-Digestion of Cheese and Wafer Waste

Silica/Lignin Carrier as a Factor Increasing the Process Performance and Genetic Diversity of Microbial Communities in Laboratory-Scale Anaerobic Digesters

Effect of Different Pretreatments on Sludge Solubilization and Estimation of Bioenergy Potential

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