Nitrogen availability impacts oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plant water status and proline production efficiency under water-limited conditions

Albert, Benjamin; Cahérec, Françoise Le; Niogret, Marie‐Françoise; Faes, Pascal; Avice, Jean‐Christophe; Leport, Laurent; Bouchereau, Alain

doi:10.1007/s00425-012-1636-8

Cited by 82 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The decreases in chlorophyll and starch content (Fig. 1) that we observed in senescent leaves were in accordance with the literature (Diaz et al, 2005;Albert et al, 2012). However, although these biochemical traits are relevant to providing a general view of senescence across plant shoots (Gombert et al, 2006), they are not precise enough to be used for comparisons between leaf ranks from different plants.…”

Section: Discussion Senescence Induced Changes At the Cell Levelsupporting

confidence: 90%

Structural Changes in Senescing Oilseed Rape Leaves at Tissue and Subcellular Levels Monitored by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry through Water Status

et al. 2013

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Nitrogen use efficiency is relatively low in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) due to weak nitrogen remobilization during leaf senescence. Monitoring the kinetics of water distribution associated with the reorganization of cell structures, therefore, would be valuable to improve the characterization of nutrient recycling in leaf tissues and the associated senescence processes. In this study, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry was used to describe water distribution and status at the cellular level in different leaf ranks of well-watered plants. It was shown to be able to detect slight variations in the evolution of senescence. The NMR results were linked to physiological characterization of the leaves and to light and electron micrographs. A relationship between cell hydration and leaf senescence was revealed and associated with changes in the NMR signal. The relative intensities and the transverse relaxation times of the NMR signal components associated with vacuole water were positively correlated with senescence, describing water uptake and vacuole and cell enlargement. Moreover, the relative intensity of the NMR signal that we assigned to the chloroplast water decreased during the senescence process, in agreement with the decrease in relative chloroplast volume estimated from micrographs. The results are discussed on the basis of water flux occurring at the cellular level during senescence. One of the main applications of this study would be for plant phenotyping, especially for plants under environmental stress such as nitrogen starvation.The main physiological outcome of leaf senescence is the recycling of organic resources and the provision of nutrients to sink organs such as storage and growing tissues (Buchanan-Wollaston, 1997;Hikosaka, 2005;Krupinska and Humbeck, 2008). In crop plants, senescence progresses from the lower older leaves to the younger top leaves. Macromolecular degradation and the mechanism of reallocation of breakdown products are mediated by the up-regulation of senescence-related genes (Lee et al., 2001) in close relationship with both developmental and environmental conditions (Gombert et al., 2006). This leads to remobilization of carbon and nitrogen (N) compounds mostly from plastidial compartments (Martínez et al., 2008;Guiboileau et al., 2012), involving proteolytic activity in plasts, vacuole, and cytosol (Adam and Clarke, 2002;Otegui et al., 2005), chlorophyll breakdown (Hoertensteiner, 2006), galactolipid recycling (Kaup et al., 2002) in the plastoglobules (Brehelin et al., 2007), and loading of Suc and amino acids into the phloem through appropriate transporters (Wingler et al., 2004;Masclaux-Daubresse et al., 2008). In terms of leaf senescence at the cell level, where chloroplasts are degraded sequentially, relative organelle volume does not seem to be greatly modified, the vacuole remains intact, and in darkness-induced senescence the number of chloroplasts per cell decreases only slightly (Keech et al., 2007). However, major changes in metabolic fluxes and cell water...

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Section: Discussion Senescence Induced Changes At the Cell Levelsupporting

confidence: 90%

Structural Changes in Senescing Oilseed Rape Leaves at Tissue and Subcellular Levels Monitored by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry through Water Status

et al. 2013

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“…Nitrogen is the main-and most expensive-nutrient in agriculture [40] and nitrogen deprivation is a known effect of drought [41]. Nitrogen assays were therefore performed to confirm the long-term effect of biostimulant at harvest (72 DAS).…”

Section: Impact At Harvestmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drought affects all water movements and nutrient uptake in the roots and often causes N deprivation [41]. The water stress impact on free amino acids concentration at harvest was very small.…”

Section: Impact Of Mild Drought Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At harvest, the main benefit of applying the biostimulant was the concentration of N, which was equivalent to that in the control plants. N starvation affects harvest in most crops [40], and is one consequence of water stress [41]. Serine and glutamine concentration was negatively impacted by water stress and the biostimulant treatment corrected this effect.…”

Section: Effects Of Biostimulantmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaf Development Monitoring and Early Detection of Water Deficiency by Low Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation in Nicotiana tabacum Plants

et al. 2018

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Drought is the main abiotic stress worldwide affecting harvest quality and quantity of numerous crops. To enable better water management, low field NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) relaxometry was assessed as a developmental marker and a new method for early detection of water deficiency. The effect of a foliar biostimulant against water stress was also investigated. Two leaves of different ranks (four and eight) were studied. The leaves of different ranks were characterized by different NMR T 2 spectra which validated the ability of NMR to describe the developmental stage of tobacco. Results also showed that T 2 NMR relaxation spectra allow the detection of mild water stress (80% of the field capacity) through the precise characterization of the leaf water status while other water stress markers (relative water content, photosynthetic related parameters . . . )were not yet impacted. The agricultural impact of the mild water stress was determined through the nitrogen rate in shoots and amino acids assay six weeks after the beginning of the stress and results shows that foliar application of biostimulant limits the negative consequences of drought. Our results demonstrate the sensitivity of NMR to detect slight changes triggered in the leaf by water stress at the tissue level.

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“…It is thus essential to develop and improve edible oil production systems to make them both satisfying to the farmer and non-threatening to the consumer (Velicka et al, 2016). Fertilizer applications, especially on nutrient deficient soils, can therefore increase crop yields and quality (Albert et al, 2012;Malhi, 2012). Both macro and micronutrients are essential to proper crop growth, but N and S are the most limiting nutrients (Ngezimana and Agenbag, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient content, fat yield and fatty acid profile of winter rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) grown under different agricultural production systems

Stępień

Wojtkowiak

Pietrzak-Fiećko

2017

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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Quality features of rapeseeds (Brassica napus L.) and potential for high yielding to a major extent may be defined by improvements in agricultural engineering methods that encompass biological progress. However, this is associated with fertilization and application of pesticides, which may negatively impact on environment and quality. It is thus essential to develop and improve edible oil production systems to satisfy farmer and non-threatening consumer. The aim of this study was to evaluate content of nutrients, fat yield and fatty acid profile of rapeseed grown in two crop rotation system with three levels of agricultural inputs. Three levels of technologies were used: economically (low-input), moderately intensively (medium-input) and intensively (high-input), varied in N amount and S fertilization as well as protection against pests. The medium-and high-input technologies applied in the monoculture contributed to an increased oleic acid in rapeseeds (by 5.7% and 5.5%), whereas low-input and high-input technologies resulted in an increased proportion of linoleic (by 11.6% and 2.1%) and linolenic acid (by 6.6% and 5.0%) in the monoculture rapeseeds. The medium-input level generated an increased proportion of arachidic (from 6.9% to 15.0%), octadecanoic (by 4.9%), linoleic (by 7.0%), linolenic (by 5.1%) and eicosadienoic fatty acids (by 17.7%) in rapeseeds cultivated in the crop rotation system. The increase in technological input level changed the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to linoleic and linolenic acids by 5.1% and 7.4% (p < 0.05) in both crop rotation and by 4.2% and 7.9% monoculture systems. In general, the impact of winter rapeseed in crop sequence systems was found to have an insignificant impact on the content of macronutrients and trace elements in seeds. The highest fat yield was generated with the crop rotation system at the highest input level, whereas the lowest yield was recorded in the low-input monoculture technology.

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Nitrogen availability impacts oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plant water status and proline production efficiency under water-limited conditions

Cited by 82 publications

References 73 publications

Structural Changes in Senescing Oilseed Rape Leaves at Tissue and Subcellular Levels Monitored by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry through Water Status

Structural Changes in Senescing Oilseed Rape Leaves at Tissue and Subcellular Levels Monitored by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry through Water Status

Leaf Development Monitoring and Early Detection of Water Deficiency by Low Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxation in Nicotiana tabacum Plants

Nutrient content, fat yield and fatty acid profile of winter rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) grown under different agricultural production systems

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