Nitrogen availability for corn in soils amended with urea, cattle slurry, and solid and composted manures

Paul, J. W.; Beauchamp, E. G.

doi:10.4141/cjss93-027

Cited by 118 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In comparison with AN, the CM showed a complete incapacity to provide enough N for maize, the first crop after manure application in the pot experiment. Low apparent N recoveries of farmyard manures are the results usually found in previous studies (Rodrigues et al, 2001;Paul and Beauchamp, 1993;Beauchamp, 1986;Baldock and Musgrave, 1980;Fauci and Dick, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Results of Veg were not better in the winter season with turnip and rye, and confirmed how poor Veg was as N source even if their C:N ratio and N content were taken into account. The results were lower compared with several conventional manures used in other studies (Pratt et al, 1976;Baldock and Musgrave, 1980;Beauchamp, 1986;Bitzer and Sims, 1988;Paul and Beauchamp, 1993).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

“…Douglas and Magdoff (1991), working with 19 different organic residues, concluded that organic substrates with C:N ratios between 11 and 25 are usually found to result in net N mineralization. Other studies have shown that apparent N recovery from manures is usually low (Beauchamp, 1986;Paul and Beauchamp, 1993;Fauci and Dick, 1994;Rodrigues et al, 2001). However, Veg showed a long period of apparent net N immobilization which is not usual.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crops use-efficiency of nitrogen from manures permitted in organic farming

Rodrigues¹,

Pereira²,

Cabanas³

et al. 2006

European Journal of Agronomy

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The current increase in the organic agriculture sector has created a new market for fertilisers approved for organic farming. Off-farm N sources for organic farming are scarce considering the restriction on the use of chemical fertilisers. Thus, when some commercial products are allowed for organic agriculture, commercial opportunities became available. In this study we compare the behaviour of Vegethumus (Veg) and Phenix (Phe), which are two manures allowed for organic farming, with several other manures, ammonium nitrate (AN) and control treatments. A three year field trial and a pot experiment were carried out in order to estimate dry matter yield, N uptake, and N nutritional status of the crops, as well as soil N availability by using anion exchange membranes inserted into the soil. Apparent N recoveries in the field trial were 6.3 % and 58.2 % in Veg and AN plots, respectively, after the application of 380 kg N/ha in the previous 5 growing seasons. In the pot experiment the ANR of Veg and Phe were -5.0 % and 13.6 %, respectively, while in AN pots it was 37.1%. The other organic manures used in the pot experiment gave higher apparent N recoveries than Veg and Phe if their C:N ratios or inorganic-N contents were taken into account. This work stresses that the use of manures approved for organic farming must first be carefully considered by farmers, with reference to price and agronomic value.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crops use-efficiency of nitrogen from manures permitted in organic farming

Rodrigues¹,

Pereira²,

Cabanas³

et al. 2006

European Journal of Agronomy

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“…Eghball and Power (1999) estimated that 15% of N in composted cattle manure was available in the year of application and 8% in the first residual year. Paul and Beauchamp (1993) found corn N recovery of 5% in the year of application and 2.9 to 5.5% of total N from composted cattle manure in the first and second residual years, respectively. Assessment of N credits from previous crops, organic inputs and soil organic matter is one of the more challenging aspects of N management.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of the Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test to liquid and composted dairy manure applications in a corn agroecosystem

Klapwyk¹,

Ketterings²,

Godwin³

et al. 2006

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Response of the Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test to liquid and composted dairy manure applications in a corn agroecosystem. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86: 655-663. Dairy manure is important for corn (Zea mays L.) production in New York. Optimizing corn yield while minimizing environmental loss with manure nutrients is often a challenge. A potential tool for improving N management is the Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test (ISNT), which estimates amino sugar N, a pool of potentially mineralizable N for corn uptake. The objectives of this study were to determine (1) the short-term effects of manure applications on ISNT-N, and (2) the longer-term impacts of annual additions of composted and liquid dairy manure on ISNT-N. A 6-wk incubation study showed that NH 4 -N from manure temporarily (< 2 wk) increased ISNT results. A 4-yr field study was conducted with annual spring applications of two rates of composted dairy manure (45 and 77 Mg ha -1 ) and two liquid dairy manure rates (63.5 and 180 kL ha -1 ). Results showed that ISNT-N slightly decreased over time in check plots (no manure or fertilizer additions) and that increases in ISNT-N over time in compost and liquid manure amended plots were consistent with changes in N credits currently given to manures in New York. Our results suggest that the ISNT accounts for N in previously applied compost and manure amendments, but that samples should not be taken within 2-wk following manure addition.

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“…Des études réalisées sous les conditions climatiques du Québec avec le maïs ont indiqué que le recouvrement de l'azote provenant des engrais minéraux était de 40 à 65 % (Isfan et al 1995;Tran et al 1997). Des études effectuées également avec le maïs ont indiqué que les coefficients d'utilisation apparente (CUA) de l'azote provenant des fumures organiques étaient plus faibles que ceux obtenus avec des engrais minéraux (Motavalli et al 1989;Paul et Beauchamp 1993). Motavalli et al (1989) ont attribué ces coefficients plus faibles des fumures organiques à une plus faible disponibilité de l'azote en considérant la quantité totale fournie par les fumiers et aux processus de dénitrification plus élevée.…”

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Fractionnement de la fertilisation azotée minérale et organique: Effet sur la productivité du canola de printemps et sur les nitrates du sol

Lafond¹

2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. Les deux plus fortes doses des trois sources d'azote ont été également fractionnées au semis et au stade rosette du canola. Les rendements en grains obtenus à la suite des applications de lisiers (3 096 kg ha -1 ) ont été comparables à ceux obtenus avec l'engrais minéral (3 062 kg ha -1 ). Le fractionnement des doses élevées de lisier de porc et de l'engrais minéral a eu des effets divergents selon la quantité d'azote total appliquée et les conditions climatiques. Les coefficients d'utilisation apparente de l'azote (CUA) ont été plus élevés avec l'engrais minéral (37%) comparativement aux lisiers de bovin (10%) et de porc (24%). Au stade rosette, la teneur en N-NO 3 du sol a augmenté uniquement à la suite des applications de l'engrais minéral et du lisier de porc pour les couches de 0-30 cm mais elle a diminué avec le fractionnement. À la récolte, la teneur en N-NO 3 du sol pour la couche 30-60 cm a augmenté avec l'application de la plus forte dose de lisier de porc, suggérant du lessivage. Toutefois, le potentiel élevé de minéralisation de l'azote des sols sous étude a atténué les effets des doses et du fractionnement de l'azote sur la productivité de la culture et sur l'azote résiduel du sol. 491-501. The strategies of fertilization and nitrogen sources can have a direct impact on canola (Brassica napus) grain yield, nitrogen recovery and residual soil nitrogen. The objectives were to determine the effects of nitrogen sources and nitrogen split application on spring canola productivity and on residual soil nitrate. Four rates of mineral fertilizer (0, 37, 74 and 111 kg N ha -1 ) were compared with four rates of liquid dairy manure (0, 30, 60 and 90 m 3 ha -1 ) and with four rates of liquid hog manure (0, 17, 34 and 50 m 3 ha -1 ). The two higher rates were split at sowing (50 %) and at the rosette stage (50%) of canola. Grain yields obtained with liquid manures and mineral fertilizer were comparable (3096 vs. 3062 kg ha -1 ). The split application of higher rates of mineral fertilizer and liquid hog manure had divergent effects according to the quantity of total nitrogen applied and climatic conditions. The apparent nitrogen recovery was higher with mineral fertilizer (37%) compared with liquid dairy manure (10%) and liquid hog manure (24 %). At the rosette stage, the soil nitrate (N-NO 3 ) content increased with mineral fertilizer and liquid hog manure applications in the 0-to 30-cm soil layer, but decreased with split application. At harvest, only liquid hog manure increased soil residual N-NO 3 in the 30-to 60-cm soil layer, suggesting the occurrence of leaching. However, the high mineralizable nitrogen potential of these soils reduced the effect of application rates and split application of nitrogen on canola productivity and residual soil nitrogen.

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Nitrogen availability for corn in soils amended with urea, cattle slurry, and solid and composted manures

Cited by 118 publications

References 2 publications

Crops use-efficiency of nitrogen from manures permitted in organic farming

Crops use-efficiency of nitrogen from manures permitted in organic farming

Response of the Illinois Soil Nitrogen Test to liquid and composted dairy manure applications in a corn agroecosystem

Fractionnement de la fertilisation azotée minérale et organique: Effet sur la productivité du canola de printemps et sur les nitrates du sol

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