Nitrogen Application and Dense Planting to Obtain High Yields from Maize

Zhai, Jun; Zhang, Yuanmeng; Zhang, Guoqiang; Xu, Wenqian; Ming, Bo; Wang, Keru; Xue, Jun; Li, Shaokun

doi:10.3390/agronomy12061308

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Dense planting and reasonable nitrogen application are the primary cultivation measures to increase maize yield. Increasing the planting density can increase the yield, but increasing the planting density also requires increasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer to achieve a high yield [30,33]. Jin et al [34] showed that when fertilizer was applied at different times for summer maize, the planting density of 7.5 × 10 4 plants ha −1 was 184.5 kg ha −1 , and the yield reached its highest at 10.91 t ha −1 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The planting density was 7.5 × 10 4 plants ha −1 , and the recommended amount of nitrogen to apply was 340 kg ha −1 . When the planting density was 12.0 × 10 4 plants ha −1 , the recommended amount of nitrogen to apply is 380 kg ha −1 [30]. Planting maize (Zea mays L.) reasonably densely and adding amounts of appropriate nitrogen fertilizer are essential measures to improve the efficiency of the maize yield and nitrogen use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the Rate of Nitrogen Application on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Formation of Densely Planted Maize

Zhai

Zhang

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Planting maize (Zea mays L.) reasonably densely and adding amounts of appropriate nitrogen fertilizer are essential measures to improve the efficiency of maize yield and nitrogen use. In this study, two planting densities of 7.5 × 104 plants ha−1 and 12.0 × 104 plants ha−1 were established with the maize varieties DengHai 618 (DH618) and XianYu 335 (XY335). Simultaneously, 18 levels of nitrogen application were established, including a lack of nitrogen (N0) and increments of 45 kg ha−1 nitrogen up to 765 (N765) kg ha−1. The variables studied included the effects of the rate of nitrogen application on the characteristics of dry matter accumulation and the yield under drip irrigation, and they were integrated into water–fertilizer integration. The results indicated that the yield, harvest index, and dry matter accumulation of maize displayed a trend of increasing and then tending to be flat as the amount of nitrogen applied increased. The use of linear plus platform equation fitting indicated that the change in yield with nitrogen administered had the lowest turning point at N = 279 and N = 319, respectively. The next parameter that was measured was the harvest index. When highly dense maize was grown before silking, the rate of nitrogen applied was more obviously impacted by the accumulation of dry matter. The harvest index contributed 22.9–27.2% of the yield, and the total dry matter accumulation before and after silking contributed more than 70% of the production. Increasing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is beneficial to prolonging the dry matter accumulation time and increasing the dry matter accumulation rate. The accumulation amount of dry matter was positively correlated with accumulation time and rate, and the correlation between dry matter and accumulation rate was greater. In conclusion, applying the right amount of nitrogen can dramatically increase the harvest index, accumulation of materials, and yield, with dry matter accumulation having the greatest influence on yield. The creation of dry matter is influenced by the time and rate of its accumulation, with its rate serving as the primary controlling factor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Rate of Nitrogen Application on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Formation of Densely Planted Maize

Zhai

Zhang

et al. 2022

Sustainability

Self Cite

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“…This is similar to the results of previous studies. 52,55 Zhai et al 56 reported that under a plant density condition of 12.0 × 10 4 plants ha −1 the best yield was 18.7-21.9 Mg ha −1 , and the required N rate was 243-378 kg ha −1 in Northwest China, which was similar to the optimal combination we fitted (grain yield was 19.95 Mg ha −1 , corresponding to a plant density of 12.97 × 10 4 plants ha −1 and an N rate of 314.14 kg hm −2 ).…”

Section: Maize Growth and Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of suitable planting density and nitrogen rate for high yield maize and their source–sink relationship in Northwest China

Tong

Kang

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND Increasing crop yield per unit area by increasing planting density is essential to ensure food security. However, the optimal combination of planting density and nitrogen (N) application for high‐yielding maize and its source–sink characteristics need to be more clearly understood. RESULTS A 2‐year field experiment was conducted combining three planting densities (D1: 70 000 plants ha−1; D2: 100 000 plants ha−1; D3: 130 000 plants ha−1) and three nitrogen rates (N1: 150 kg hm−2; N2: 350 kg hm−2; N3: 450 kg hm−2). The results showed that increasing planting density significantly increased leaf area index and grain yield but negatively affected ear traits. The Richards model was used to fit the dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation of maize under different treatments, and the fitting results were good. Increasing planting density increased population yield while limiting the development of individual plants, bringing the period of rapid dry matter accumulation to an early end and accelerating leaf senescence. An appropriate nitrogen rate could prolong the period of rapid accumulation of dry matter in maize, and increase the 100‐kernel weight. Increasing planting density enhanced post‐silking dry matter accumulation to a lesser extent, and the source–sink relationship of the maize population gradually developed from sink limitation to source limitation with increasing planting density. CONCLUSION The decrease in yield due to the insufficient source strength to meet the sink demand at too high densities was the reason that limited further improvement of the optimal planting density. An appropriate nitrogen rate facilitated the realization of yield potential at high density. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Dense planting and nitrogen fertilizer management improve drip-irrigated spring maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency in Northeast China

Fang,

Zhang,

Ming

et al. 2024

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

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Nitrogen Application and Dense Planting to Obtain High Yields from Maize

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of the Rate of Nitrogen Application on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Formation of Densely Planted Maize

Effect of the Rate of Nitrogen Application on Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Formation of Densely Planted Maize

Combination of suitable planting density and nitrogen rate for high yield maize and their source–sink relationship in Northwest China

Dense planting and nitrogen fertilizer management improve drip-irrigated spring maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency in Northeast China

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