Nitrogen and Oxygen-Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbons from Algae Biomass: Direct Carbonization and Excellent Electrochemical Properties

Tian, Zhongwei; Xiang, Min; Zhou, Jicheng; Hu, Langqing; Cai, Jinjun

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2016.06.053

Cited by 84 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Enteromorpha prolifera (EP) is a marine macroalgae which has rapidly grown due to warmer climate and eutrophication. This has led to a large‐scale of EP gathered off the coasts of China every year . The conversion of EP into functional carbons that can be used as electrode materials in supercapacitors constitutes a convenient choice that could help solve this environmental problem.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…We reported N‐doped hierarchical carbons from direct carbonization of EP algae with surface area of 422 m 2 /g . Lately, several studies have also reported EP ‐based carbons with surface areas up to 3330 m 2 /g obtained through conventional carbonization, followed by KOH chemical activation for electrochemical storage applications,, confirming that EP would be a good choice as raw material for N‐doped carbons. Very recently, Wang et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Performance N‐Doped Carbon Electrodes Obtained via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Macroalgae for Supercapacitor Applications

et al. 2018

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The conversion of bio‐waste into useful porous carbons constitutes a very attractive approach to contribute to the development of sustainable energy economy, even more as they can be used in energy storage devices. Here we report the synthesis of N‐doped carbons from hydrothermal carbonization of macroalgae, Enteromorpha prolifera (EP), followed by a mild KOH activation step. The obtained N‐doped carbons exhibited surface areas of up to ∼2000 m2/g with N‐loadings varied in the range of 1.4∼2.9 at %. By modifying activation temperature, we were able to tune the surface chemistry and porosity, achieving excellent control of their properties. The specific capacitance reached values of up to 200 F/g at 1 A/g in 6 M KOH for the sample obtained at activation temperature of 700 °C (AHC‐700). The symmetric supercapacitor using the sample activated at 800 °C (AHC‐800) as electrodes exhibited the highest cycling stability of the samples studied in this work, with capacitance retention of up to 96 % at 10 A/g, even after 10,000 cycles, constituting the highest reported for biomass‐derived carbon electrodes. These results show the great potential of N‐doped carbons as electrodes for supercapacitors and confirm the excellent electrochemical properties of biomass‐derived carbons in energy storage technologies.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance N‐Doped Carbon Electrodes Obtained via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Macroalgae for Supercapacitor Applications

et al. 2018

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“…. . tion of biomass material itself has abundant nitrogen element, such as soyabean [129,130], okara [96], tofu [131], crab and shrimp shells [49,132,133], oatmeal [22], endothelium corneum gigeriae galli [115], silk [98], chitosan [100], potato waste residue [134], palm-leaf [135], grlatin [35], algae [122]. The nitrogen content in these biomass-derived carbon is generally more than 4%.…”

Section: Surface Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because N doping can enhance the electronic conductivity and wettability, while O, B, S or P-doping can provide the pseudo-capacitance, enlarge the carbon interlayer distance and increase additional active sites, N, O co-doping [34,122,123,129,138], N, B co-doping [35,147], N, S codoping [81,92,146,148] and N, P co-doping [39,99,149] have been designed to further improve the electrochemical performances of biomass-derived carbon materials. For instance, Sun et al [147] reported a separated N, B co-doped porous graphitic carbon from nitrogencontaining chitosan through coordinating boric acid and Fe catalyst, and followed by ZnCl 2 -activation process.…”

Section: Surface Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hierarchical porous carbon has high energy storage capacity and excellent rate capability. So far, various biomass, such as bagasse [113,114], endothelium corneum gigeriae galli [115], silk [98], auricularia [116][117][118], spores [53], lignin [119], cellulose [120], cotton [73], honeysuckle [121], lotus seedpods [59], enteromorpha [122,123], willow catkins [78], sheep manure [124], tobacco rods [125], corn leaf [126], bacterial cellulose [62], have been widely used as precursors to prepare hierarchical porous carbons through carbonization and activation process. Hou et al [98] have prepared hierarchical porous N-doped carbon nanosheets (HPNC-NSs) from natural silk by the metal salt activation-graphitization (Fig.…”

Section: Porous Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomass-derived carbon materials with structural diversities and their applications in energy storage

2017

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Currently, carbon materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, activated carbon, porous carbon, have been successfully applied in energy storage area by taking advantage of their structural and functional diversity. However, the development of advanced science and technology has spurred demands for green and sustainable energy storage materials. Biomass-derived carbon, as a type of electrode materials, has attracted much attention because of its structural diversities, adjustable physical/chemical properties, environmental friendliness and considerable economic value. Because the nature contributes the biomass with bizarre microstructures, the biomass-derived carbon materials also show naturally structural diversities, such as 0D spherical, 1D fibrous, 2D lamellar and 3D spatial structures. In this review, the structure design of biomass-derived carbon materials for energy storage is presented. The effects of structural diversity, porosity and surface heteroatom doping of biomass-derived carbon materials in supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries are discussed in detail. In addition, the new trends and challenges in biomass-derived carbon materials have also been proposed for further rational design of biomass-derived carbon materials for energy storage.

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Synthesis of P, S, N, Triple‐Doped Porous Carbon from Steam Explosion Pretreated Peanut Shell as Electrode Material Applied on Supercapacitor

Ding

Liu

et al. 2022

ChemElectroChem

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Triple‐doped (P, S and N) peanut‐shell carbon (PSN‐PSC) was fabricated by a flexible one‐step strategy. The obtained carbon displayed large specific surface area and multiple porous structures, hence it was suitable in applying on supercapacitor as electrode materials. Steam explosion was performed to pretreat peanut shells for the purpose of preliminarily creating pore structure. Potassium phosphate was used as activating agent and supplied phosphorus atom. Thiourea was added as pore‐generating agent, as well as nitrogen and sulfur sources. The extremely high specific surface area (2046 m2 g−1) and hierarchical porous structure of the PSN‐PSC increased the accessibility of the carbon surface to the electrolyte, which shortened the ion diffusion pathway. Besides, the heteroatoms (P, S, N) doping improved the ability of energy storage and capacitive property. The synergistic effect of heteroatom doping and hierarchical structure endowed PSN‐PSC with the highest specific capacitance of 334.7 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and with remarkable cycle stability of 96 % retention for 10000 cycles in 6 m KOH electrolyte in a three‐electrode system with a 3.0 mg cm−2 mass loading of PSN‐PSC. Furthermore, the PSN‐PSC symmetric supercapacitor reached an excellent energy density of 19.92 Wh kg−1 under 70 W kg−1 in a 6 m KOH electrolyte. This work demonstrates a novel, convenient method for fabricating heteroatom doped carbon electrode materials, especially based on pretreated biomass wastes.

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Nitrogen and Oxygen-Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbons from Algae Biomass: Direct Carbonization and Excellent Electrochemical Properties

Cited by 84 publications

References 52 publications

High Performance N‐Doped Carbon Electrodes Obtained via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Macroalgae for Supercapacitor Applications

High Performance N‐Doped Carbon Electrodes Obtained via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Macroalgae for Supercapacitor Applications

Biomass-derived carbon materials with structural diversities and their applications in energy storage

Synthesis of P, S, N, Triple‐Doped Porous Carbon from Steam Explosion Pretreated Peanut Shell as Electrode Material Applied on Supercapacitor

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