Nitrogen- and Oxygen-Containing Three-Dimensional Hierarchical Porous Graphitic Carbon for Advanced Supercapacitor

Abstract

Three-dimensional hierarchical porous graphitic carbon (HPGC) were synthesized via one-step carbonization-activation and a catalytic strategy. The method can not only improve the graphitization degree of carbon materials, but also offer plentiful interfaces for charge accumulation and short paths for ion/electron transport. Polypyrrole, potassium hydroxide, and nickel acetate were used as the carbon precursors, activating agent, and catalyst, respectively. The retraction and dissolution of Ni caused the change of pore size in the material and led to the interconnected micro/nano holes. Nickel acetate played a significant role in enhancing the electrical conductivity, introducing pseudocapacitance, and promoting ion diffusion. In the supercapacitor, HPGC electrode exhibited a remarkable specific capacitance of 336.3 F g−1 under 0.5 A g−1 current density and showed high rate capability, even with large current densities applied (up to 50 A g−1). Moreover, HPGC showed optimal cycling stability with 97.4% capacitance retention followed by 3000 charge-discharge cycles. The excellent electrochemical performances coupled with a facile large-scale synthesis procedure make HPGC a promising alternative for supercapacitors.

A Comparative Study of the Influence of Nitrogen Content and Structural Characteristics of NiS/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanocomposites on Capacitive Performances in Alkaline Medium

“…As presented in Figure 4 , it is shown that the NiS/A-PVP-NC was wetted immediately, while the NiS/PI-NC resisted the electrolyte, as highlighted by the white circle. Although the high nitrogen content increases wettability [ 53 ], the oxygen-containing functional groups and porous structures deliver more significant contributions [ 41 , 54 , 55 ]. As a result, the NiS-A-PVP-NC possessed superior wettability, with a 6 M KOH electrolyte, than the NiS/PI-NC.…”

Transforming Waste Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) into Nitrogen Doped Carbon Nanotubes and Its Utility in Oxygen Reduction Reaction and Bisphenol-A Removal from Contaminated Water

“…Agro-based precursors such as sucrose [5], glucose [6], fructose [7], common sugar [8], ligno-cellulosic biomasses like bio-refinery residue [9], furfural manufacture waste [10], tamarind wood [11], willow bark [12], olive pomace [13], etc. Besides there are reports on carbonization of polymeric materials such as polypyrrole [14], polymer blends like poly(acrylonitrile)/poly(vinylidene Fluoride) [15] and co-polymers like poly(aniline-co-p-phenylenediamine) [16], etc. have been converted to carbons and used in applications such as adsorbents for environmental remediation [17], secondary batteries such as lithium-and sodium-ion batteries, etc.…”