Nitric Oxide Synthase Encapsulation in Liposomes: a Potential Delivery Platform to (Nitric Oxide)‐Deficient Targets

Perera, Reshani; Peiris, Pubudu M.; Peteu, Serban F.; Bayachou, Mekki

doi:10.1002/elan.201100492

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Therefore, being NO deficient is a well-understood cause of arteriosclerosis, hyperglycemia, impotence and hypertension, among other diseases. 56 The enzyme responsible for NO production is nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which has been successfully encapsulated in liposomes. These NOS-encapsulated nanoreactors were stable for a minimum of 15 days and maintained 75% enzyme activity, in comparison to free enzyme where the activity rapidly diminished.…”

Section: Nanoreactor and Artificial Cell Systems For Therapeutic Delimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards feedback-controlled nanomedicines for smart, adaptive delivery

Jones

Taylor

Beales

2018

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Nanomedicines for controlled drug release provide temporal and spatial regulation of drug bioavailability in the body. The timing of drug release is usually engineered either for slow gradual release over an extended period of time or for rapid release triggered by a specific change in its physicochemical environment. However, between these two extremes, there is the desirable possibility of adaptive nanomedicines that dynamically modulate drug release in tune with its changing environment. Adaptation and response through communication with its environment is a fundamental trait of living systems; therefore, the design of biomimetic nanomedicines through the approaches of bottom-up synthetic biology provides a viable route to this goal. This could enable drug delivery systems to optimize release in synchronicity with the body's natural biological rhythms and the personalized physiological characteristics of the patient, e.g. their metabolic rate. Living systems achieve this responsiveness through feedback-controlled biochemical processes that regulate their functional outputs. Towards this goal of adaptive drug delivery systems, we review the general benefits of nanomedicine formulations, provide existing examples of experimental nanomedicines that encapsulate the metabolic function of enzymes, and give relevant examples of feedback-controlled chemical systems. These are the underpinning concepts that hold promise to be combined to form novel adaptive release systems. Furthermore, we motivate the advantages of adaptive release through chronobiological examples. By providing a brief review of these topics and an assessment of the state of the art, we aim to provide a useful resource to accelerate developments in this field. Impact statement The timing and rate of release of pharmaceuticals from advanced drug delivery systems is an important property that has received considerable attention in the scientific literature. Broadly, these mostly fall into two classes: controlled release with a prolonged release rate or triggered release where the drug is rapidly released in response to an environmental stimulus. This review aims to highlight the potential for developing adaptive release systems that more subtlety modulate the drug release profile through continuous communication with its environment facilitated through feedback control. By reviewing the key elements of this approach in one place (fundamental principles of nanomedicine, enzymatic nanoreactors for medical therapies and feedback-controlled chemical systems) and providing additional motivating case studies in the context of chronobiology, we hope to inspire innovative development of novel "chrononanomedicines."

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Section: Nanoreactor and Artificial Cell Systems For Therapeutic Delimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These NOS-encapsulated nanoreactors were stable for a minimum of 15 days and maintained 75% enzyme activity, in comparison to free enzyme where the activity rapidly diminished. 56 …”

Section: Nanoreactor and Artificial Cell Systems For Therapeutic Delimentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards feedback-controlled nanomedicines for smart, adaptive delivery

Jones

Taylor

Beales

2018

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Polymerized hemin as an electrocatalytic platform for peroxynitrite's oxidation and detection

Peteu

Bose

Bayachou

2013

Analytica Chimica Acta

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Peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) constitutes a major cytotoxic agent, implicated in a host of pathophysiological conditions, thereby stimulating a tremendous interest in evaluating its role as an oxidant in vivo. Some of the detection methods for peroxynitrite include oxidation of fluorescent probes, EPR spectroscopy, chemiluminescence, immunohistochemistry, and probe nitration; however, these are more difficult to apply for real-time quantification due to their inherent complexity. The electrochemical detection of peroxynitrite is a simpler and more convenient technique, but the best of our knowledge there are only few papers to date studying its electrochemical signature, or reporting amperometric microsensors for peroxynitrite. Recently, we have reported the use of layered composite films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and hemin (iron protoporphyrin IX) as a platform for amperometric measurement of peroxynitrite. The main goal herein is to investigate the intrinsic catalytic role of hemin electropolymerized thin films on carbon electrodes in oxidative detection of peroxynitrite. The electrocatalytic oxidation of peroxynitrite is characterized by cyclic voltammetry. The catalytic current increased as a function of peroxynitrite's concentration, with a peak potential shifting positively with peroxynitrite's concentration. The catalytic efficiency decreased as the scan rate increased, and the peak potential of the catalytic oxidation was found to depend on pH. We show that optimized hemin-functionalized carbon electrodes can be used as simple platforms for peroxinitrite detection and quantification. We report dose-response amperometry as an electroanalytical determination of this analyte on hemin films and we contrast the intrinsic hemin catalytic role with its performance in the case of the PEDOT-hemin as a composite matrix. Finally, we include some work extending the use of simple hemin films for peroxynitrite determination on carbon microfiber electrodes in a flow system.

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Nanosystem trends in drug delivery using quality-by-design concept

Qiao

2017

Journal of Controlled Release

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Nitric Oxide Synthase Encapsulation in Liposomes: a Potential Delivery Platform to (Nitric Oxide)‐Deficient Targets

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Towards feedback-controlled nanomedicines for smart, adaptive delivery

Towards feedback-controlled nanomedicines for smart, adaptive delivery

Polymerized hemin as an electrocatalytic platform for peroxynitrite's oxidation and detection

Nanosystem trends in drug delivery using quality-by-design concept

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