Nitric Oxide Products Degrade Chondroitin Sulfates

Hassan, Mostafa S.; Mileva, Mayia; Dweck, Harry S.; Rosenfeld, Louis

doi:10.1006/niox.1998.0198

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Regulation of breakdown versus synthesis of these complex biopolymers consisting of a core protein with one or more covalently bound GAG chains specifies the cartilage matrix integral function. They contain large quantities of water via multiple hydrogen bonds and thus expanding their three-dimensional space (StefanovicRacic et al 1993;Hassan et al 1998).…”

Section: Scission Of Glycosaminoglycans Mediated By Peroxynitritementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first one is initiated by the conversion of nitric oxide to nitrous acid, while the second one includes ONOO -. Heparin and heparan sulfate are susceptible to degradation via nitrous acid, hyaluronan via ONOO -, and chondroitin sulfates partially via both reagents (Hassan et al 1998). Decomposition of heparan sulfate and other GAGs of the extracellular matrix by…”

Section: Scission Of Glycosaminoglycans Mediated By Peroxynitritementioning

confidence: 99%

“…• NO are produced by the endothelial-constitutive form of NOS (ecNOS) and inducible form of NOS in neutrophils and monocytes upon inflammatory stimulation (Dawson and Dawson 1995;Conner and Grisham 1996;Hassan et al 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pro-oxidative effect of peroxynitrite regarding biological systems: a special focus on high-molar-mass hyaluronan degradation

Hrabárová¹,

Juránek²,

Šoltés³

2011

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Abstract. Current understanding on the role of peroxynitrite in etiology and pathogenesis of some human diseases, such as cardio-vascular diseases, stroke, cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications has recently led to intensive investigation of peroxynitrite involvement in physiology and pathophysiology.Mechanism of cytotoxic effects of peroxynitrite involve its reactions with lipids, DNA/RNA, proteins, and polysaccharides, thus triggering cellular responses ranging from subtle changes of cell functioning to severe oxidative damage of the affected macromolecules leading to necrosis or apoptosis. The present work is aimed at providing a brief overview of i) peroxynitrite biosynthesis and reaction pathways in vivo, ii) its synthetic preparation in vitro, and iii) to reveal its potential damaging role in vivo, on actions studied via monitoring in vitro hyaluronan degradation. The complex biochemical behavior of peroxynitrite is determined by a number of variables, such as chemistry of the reaction itself, depending mostly on the involvement of conformational structures of different energy states, concentration of the species involved, content of reactive intermediates and trace transition metal ions, contribution of carbon dioxide, presence of trace organics, and by the reaction kinetics. Recently, in vitro studies of oxidative cleavage of hyaluronan have, in fact, been the subject of growing interest. Here we also describe our experimental set-up for studying peroxynitrite-mediated degradation of hyaluronan, a system, which may be suitable for testing prospective pharmacological substances.

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Section: Scission Of Glycosaminoglycans Mediated By Peroxynitritementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Scission Of Glycosaminoglycans Mediated By Peroxynitritementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pro-oxidative effect of peroxynitrite regarding biological systems: a special focus on high-molar-mass hyaluronan degradation

Hrabárová¹,

Juránek²,

Šoltés³

2011

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“…We next asked which RNSs can chemically degrade PSA. Thus far, only NO, nitrous acid, S-nitrosothiols, and peroxynitrite have been shown to be capable of degrading carbohydrate polymers (9,10,12). Specifically, these RNSs degrade heparin, heparan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate through a common deaminative mechanism (9,10).…”

Section: Degradation Of Carbohydrates Within Apc Endosomes By Reactivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus far, only NO, nitrous acid, S-nitrosothiols, and peroxynitrite have been shown to be capable of degrading carbohydrate polymers (9,10,12). Specifically, these RNSs degrade heparin, heparan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate through a common deaminative mechanism (9,10). In contrast, peroxynitrite selectively degrades hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate but not heparin (12) and degrades carbohydrate polymers via an unidentified mechanism thought to resemble chemical depolymerization by free hydroxyl radical attack.…”

Section: Degradation Of Carbohydrates Within Apc Endosomes By Reactivementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial carbohydrate depolymerization by antigen-presenting cells: Deamination prior to presentation by the MHCII pathway

Duan

Avci

Kasper

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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After uptake by the endosome of an antigen-presenting cell (APC), exogenous proteins are known to be degraded into peptides by protease digestion. Here, we report the mechanism by which pure carbohydrates can be depolymerized within APC endosomes/lysosomes by nitric oxide (NO)-derived reactive nitrogen species (RNSs) and/or superoxide-derived reactive oxygen species (ROSs). Earlier studies showed that depolymerization of polysaccharide A (PSA) from Bacteroides fragilis in the endosome depends on the APC's having an intact inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene; the chemical mechanism underlying depolymerization of a carbohydrate within the endosome/lysosome is described here. Examining the ability of the major RNSs to degrade PSA, we determined that deamination is the predominant mechanism for PSA processing in APCs and is a required step in PSA presentation to antigen processing ͉ MHC class II ͉ reactive nitrogen species

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Hyaluronic Acid: A Natural Biopolymer

et al. 2011

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Nitric Oxide Products Degrade Chondroitin Sulfates

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

Pro-oxidative effect of peroxynitrite regarding biological systems: a special focus on high-molar-mass hyaluronan degradation

Pro-oxidative effect of peroxynitrite regarding biological systems: a special focus on high-molar-mass hyaluronan degradation

Microbial carbohydrate depolymerization by antigen-presenting cells: Deamination prior to presentation by the MHCII pathway

Hyaluronic Acid: A Natural Biopolymer

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Nitric Oxide Products Degrade Chondroitin Sulfates

Cited by 32 publications

References 21 publications

Pro-oxidative effect of peroxynitrite regarding biological systems: a special focus on high-molar-mass hyaluronan degradation

Pro-oxidative effect of peroxynitrite regarding biological systems: a special focus on high-molar-mass hyaluronan degradation

Microbial carbohydrate depolymerization by antigen-presenting cells: Deamination prior to presentation by the MHCII pathway

Hyaluronic Acid: A Natural Biopolymer

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Product

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Pro-oxidative effect of peroxynitrite regarding biological systems: a special focus on high-molar-mass hyaluronan degradation

Pro-oxidative effect of peroxynitrite regarding biological systems: a special focus on high-molar-mass hyaluronan degradation