Nitric oxide does not mediate the vasodilation of early human pregnancy

Langenfeld, Matthias; Simmons, Lisa; McCrohon, Jane; Raitakari, Olli T.; Lattimore, Jo-Dee; Hennessy, Annemarie; Celermajer, David S.

doi:10.1046/j.1444-2892.2003.00206.x

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Increased FMD in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy supports the hypothesis that basal and stimulated NO activity is enhanced during these stages of a normal pregnancy, 4 but not in the first trimester of pregnancy even though peripheral vascular resistance decreases and blood pressure has already fallen in the first trimester, 23 which fits our present data. We found attenuated FMD in the first trimester of pregnancy compared with the non-pregnant group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Pregnancy-Related Hyperlipidemia and Endothelial Function in Healthy Women

Saarelainen

Laitinen

Raitakari

et al. 2006

Circ J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to investigate pregnancy-related changes in the maternal serum lipid profile and endothelial function. Methods and ResultsAs part of the population-based, prospective cohort Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study conducted in Finland, 57 pregnant Finnish women and 62 control women matched for age and smoking were examined throughout gestation. Serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined and concomitantly endothelium-dependent brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD) was measured by ultrasound. During pregnancy serum TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased significantly when compared with the non-pregnant state (p<0.001 for each) and towards the end of pregnancy (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.007, p<0.001, p<0.001). FMD increased towards the end of pregnancy and there was a statistically significant direct correlation between gestational age and FMD% (r=0.345, p=0.010). Brachial artery diameter at rest and FMD% were negatively correlated in pregnant (r=-0.280, p=0.035) and non-pregnant women (r=-0.360, p<0.004). The univariate correlation analysis showed a direct correlation between maternal serum TC (r=0.333, p=0.012) and TG (r=0.366, p=0.006) and FMD%, whereas a negative non-significant correlation was found in non-pregnant women. In a multivariate model, vessel size ( =-0.436, p=0.001) and TG ( =0.502, p<0.001) were the most powerful predictors for FMD% in pregnancy, the influence of other lipids was non-significant. Conclusions In healthy pregnant women increased gestational age is associated with improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation responses regardless of concurrently appearing lipid changes. (Circ J 2006; 70: 768 -772)

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Pregnancy-Related Hyperlipidemia and Endothelial Function in Healthy Women

Saarelainen

Laitinen

Raitakari

et al. 2006

Circ J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent complete (apnea) or partial (hypopnea) upper airway obstruction during sleep. The repeated episodes of apnea/ hypopnea cause cessation of breathing, hypoxia, and contribute to production of reactive oxidative species, inflammation, and promote vascular endothelial damage [1,2]. Individuals with OSA usually present with snoring at nighttime, fatigue, and somnolence at daytime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between obstructive sleep apnea and optic neuropathy: a Taiwanese population-based cohort study

Sun

Liao

Lin

et al. 2018

Eye

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…27 Nitric oxide is important in the physiology of the reproductive system 28 ; however, its role in mediating the systemic vasodilation seen in human pregnancy is uncertain, with studies of human hand flow suggesting that it does play a role 29 and studies of forearm flow suggesting that it does not. 30 In pregnant animals, prostacyclin appears to be produced in sufficient quantity to play a role in vasodilation.…”

Section: Pregnancy Hormonal Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Physiology of Pregnancy

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1003P regnancy is a dynamic process associated with significant physiological changes in the cardiovascular system. These changes are mechanisms that the body has adapted to meet the increased metabolic demands of the mother and fetus and to ensure adequate uteroplacental circulation for fetal growth and development. Insufficient hemodynamic changes can result in maternal and fetal morbidity, as seen in preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation. In addition, maternal inability to adapt to these physiological changes can expose underlying, previously silent, cardiac pathology, which is why some call pregnancy nature's stress test. Indeed, cardiovascular disease in pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal mortality in North America. 1 We therefore review here the normal cardiovascular physiology of pregnancy to provide clinicians with a basis for understanding how the presence of cardiovascular disease may compromise the mother and fetus and how their decisions about medical care may need adjustment. Maternal Hemodynamic ChangesPregnancy is associated with vasodilation of the systemic vasculature and the maternal kidneys. The systemic vasodilation of pregnancy occurs as early as at 5 weeks and therefore precedes full placentation and the complete development of the uteroplacental circulation.2 In the first trimester, there is a substantial decrease in peripheral vascular resistance, which decreases to a nadir during the middle of the second trimester with a subsequent plateau or slight increase for the remainder of the pregnancy 3 ( Figure 1). The decrease is ≈35% to 40% of baseline. Systemic vascular resistance increases to near-prepregnancy levels postpartum, 4 and by 2 weeks after delivery, maternal hemodynamics have largely returned to nonpregnant levels.5 Increased vascular distensibility, or compliance, has been observed in normal human pregnancy starting in the first trimester.6 Systemic vascular resistance increases to nearprepregnancy levels postpartum. 4 Vasodilation of the kidneys results in a 50% increase in renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rates by the end of the first trimester. This results in decreases in serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid values. Cardiac OutputCardiac output increases throughout pregnancy.8 Invasive measuring techniques are rarely used during pregnancy, so echocardiography is most commonly used to assess hemodynamics in pregnancy. Cardiac output measurements are usually made with the mother in the left lateral decubitus position to avoid positional variation. The sharpest rise in cardiac output occurs by the beginning of the first trimester, and there is a continued increase into the second trimester.9 After the second trimester, there is debate as to whether cardiac output increases, decreases, or plateaus. By 24 weeks, the increase in cardiac output can be up to 45% in a normal, singleton pregnancy. 10Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging estimates of cardiac output trend similarly in pregnancy. In a comparative study of 34 normal pregna...

show abstract

Nitric oxide does not mediate the vasodilation of early human pregnancy

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Pregnancy-Related Hyperlipidemia and Endothelial Function in Healthy Women

Pregnancy-Related Hyperlipidemia and Endothelial Function in Healthy Women

Association between obstructive sleep apnea and optic neuropathy: a Taiwanese population-based cohort study

Cardiovascular Physiology of Pregnancy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About