Nitrate reduction pathways on Cu single crystal surfaces: Effect of oxide and Cl−

Butcher, Dennis P.; Gewirth, Andrew A.

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.06.024

Cited by 166 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Butcher and Gewirth found the reason for the different nitrate reduction activities between the (100), (111), and (110) faces of Cu. [99] The critical step in the nitrate reduction on the bare Cu surfaces is the reduction of nitrate to nitrite accompanied by the partial oxidation of the Cu surface. Decorating the surfaces with Cl − suppresses the nitrate reduction, with NH 3 as a direct nitrate reduction product in the presence of Cl − .…”

Section: Crystal Planesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring the Nitrogen Cycle by Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrate: Progress and Prospects

et al. 2020

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The increasing amount of anthropogenic nitrogen has resulted in alarming levels of nitrate in bodies of water and caused a cascade of damage to the environment and human health. Electrochemical nitrate reduction is an efficient strategy ancillary to biological nitrogen cycle management, which utilizes electrons as green reductants and rebalances the N 2 cycle. In this review, the fundamental principles and implementation of electrochemical nitrate reduction are described to lay the foundation for the eventual large-scale application in the remediation of nitrate-laden wastewaters. Factors that influence the activity and selectivity of electrochemical nitrate reduction are also discussed. Moreover, electrolytic cell design and construction are discussed via a rational choice of critical components and assembly. Finally, a roadmap for the development of highly selective nitrate reduction catalysts is proposed. This review attempts to provide a practical strategy for electrochemical nitrogen cycle management and aims to stimulate future research for final implementation.

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Section: Crystal Planesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring the Nitrogen Cycle by Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrate: Progress and Prospects

et al. 2020

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“…[ 2 ] Alternatively, electrochemical NO 3 − reduction reaction (NO 3 RR) is considered as a promising way to desirably transform NO 3 − to harmless or even better value‐added products. [ 3 ] Particularly, a competitive route to ammonia (NH 3 ) is provided by NO 3 RR, with nine protons and eight electrons transferred (NO 3 − + 9H + + 8e − → NH 3 + 3H 2 O), which makes great sense to low‐temperature ammonia synthesis. [ 4 ] In this scenario, converting NO 3 − to NH 3 is an advantageous strategy to solve the plight of both energy and environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Insights into the Mechanism of Selective Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Electroreduction on Single‐Atom Catalysts

Niu

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

315

287

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Selective nitrate‐to‐ammonia electrochemical conversion is an efficient pathway to solve the pollution of nitrate and an attractive strategy for low‐temperature ammonia synthesis. However, current studies for nitrate electroreduction (NO3RR) mainly focus on metal‐based catalysts, which remains challenging because of the poor understanding of the catalytic mechanism. Herein, taking single transition metal atom supported on graphitic carbon nitrides (g‐CN) as an example, the NO3RR feasibility of single‐atom catalysts (SACs) is first demonstrated by using density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that highly efficient NO3RR toward NH3 can be achieved on Ti/g‐CN and Zr/g‐CN with low limiting potentials of −0.39 and −0.41 V, respectively. Furthermore, the considerable energy barriers are observed during the formation of byproducts NO2, NO, N2O, and N2 on Ti/g‐CN and Zr/g‐CN, guaranteeing their high selectivity. This work provides a new route for the application of SACs and paves the way to the development of NO3RR.

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“…A gap‐mode sandwich structure is widely used for the in situ study of electrochemical reactions. [17c,58a,64] For instance, the reduction process of nitrate on Cu electrode was scrutinized with Au@SiO 2 nanoparticles spread on the surface of Cu single crystal . NO 2 − and HNO were detected on all three crystal faces and found to be intermediates during the reduction process.…”

Section: Shell‐isolated Nanoparticle‐enhanced Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Shell‐Isolated Nanoparticle‐Enhanced Raman and Fluorescence Spectroscopies: Synthesis and Applications

Zhang

Yin

et al. 2018

Advanced Optical Materials

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Shell‐isolated nanoparticles (SHINs) composed of a protective shell and a plasmonic metal core have been extensively used in plasmon‐enhanced Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy. Whereby, SHIN‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy has effectively overcome the material and morphology limitations for traditional surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and demonstrates advanced properties in various fields including surface science, chemical analysis, biological and medical assays, and material science. Meanwhile, the fluorescence of the optical species can be enhanced smartly by SHINs due to the localized surface‐plasmon resonance effect of the SHINs, the so called SHIN‐enhanced fluorescence. In this review, the synthesis of the SHINs is discussed according to the shell materials. Then, the developments and advancements in application of the SHINs in Raman and fluorescence spectroscopies are comprehensively described. Finally, potential future developments for SHINs and SHIN‐enhanced spectroscopy are presented.

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Nitrate reduction pathways on Cu single crystal surfaces: Effect of oxide and Cl−

Cited by 166 publications

References 70 publications

Restoring the Nitrogen Cycle by Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrate: Progress and Prospects

Restoring the Nitrogen Cycle by Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrate: Progress and Prospects

Theoretical Insights into the Mechanism of Selective Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Electroreduction on Single‐Atom Catalysts

Shell‐Isolated Nanoparticle‐Enhanced Raman and Fluorescence Spectroscopies: Synthesis and Applications

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