Nitrate Reductase and Nitric Oxide

Kaiser, Werner M.; Planchet, Élisabeth; Rümer, Stefan

doi:10.1002/9781119312994.apr0453

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The NR enzyme is positively regulated by NO 3 − and light at the transcriptional level and is down‐regulated at the post‐transcriptional level by reversible phosphorylation during the dark period (Kaiser et al. ). In hexaploid wheat, two genes encoding NADH‐NR have been identified (Boisson et al.…”

Section: Traits Influencing N Utilization Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding for increased nitrogen‐use efficiency: a review for wheat (T. aestivum L.)

et al. 2016

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Nitrogen fertilizer is the most used nutrient source in modern agriculture and represents significant environmental and production costs. In the meantime, the demand for grain increases and production per area has to increase as new cultivated areas are scarce. In this context, breeding for an efficient use of nitrogen became a major objective. In wheat, nitrogen is required to maintain a photosynthetically active canopy ensuring grain yield and to produce grain storage proteins that are generally needed to maintain a high end-use quality. This review presents current knowledge of physiological, metabolic and genetic factors influencing nitrogen uptake and utilization in the context of different nitrogen management systems. This includes the role of root system and its interactions with microorganisms, nitrate assimilation and its relationship with photosynthesis as postanthesis remobilization and nitrogen partitioning. Regarding nitrogen-use efficiency complexity, several physiological avenues for increasing it were discussed and their phenotyping methods were reviewed. Phenotypic and molecular breeding strategies were also reviewed and discussed regarding nitrogen regimes and genetic diversity

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Section: Traits Influencing N Utilization Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding for increased nitrogen‐use efficiency: a review for wheat (T. aestivum L.)

et al. 2016

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“…Most plants store nitrate in vacuoles and tolerate high ion concentrations, therefore nitrate might be also used an osmotic agent in plant [76]. Nitrate is used in various processes, including absorption, vacuole storage, xylem transport, reduction and incorporation into organic forms [77].…”

Section: N Uptake N Assimilation and N Remobilization In Plants: A Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In N assimilation process, nitrate is reduced to nitrite in the cytosol through the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme nitrate reductase (NR) using NAD(P)H as electron donors. The NR enzyme is positively regulated by NO 3 − at light at the transcriptional level and is down-regulated at the post-transcriptional level by reversible phosphorylation during the dark period [77]. In hexaploid wheat, two genes encoding NADH-NR have been identified [78].…”

Section: N Uptake N Assimilation and N Remobilization In Plants: A Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in improving nitrogen use efficiency for sustainable crop production: a focus on wheat

Benedetto¹,

Corbo²,

Campaniello³

et al. 2017

AIMS Microbiology

132

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Due to the increase in both human population growth and environmental pressure, it is necessary to raise agricultural productivity without enhancing environmental footprint. Within this context, soil inoculation with PGPB (Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria) may be considered a promising tool of integrated management systems. In particular, PGPB may improve plant growth either directly, by facilitating resource use or modulating plant hormone levels, or indirectly by decreasing the inhibitory effects of various pathogenic agents. PGPB comprise different functional and taxonomic groups of bacteria like Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Rhizobium and others. Their ability to either mobilize mineral or organic bound nutrients from the pedosphere or to fix atmospheric N 2 and make it available to the plants, is a crucial feature in their application. In literature some data are available on the use of commercial PGPB, while less efforts have been made on the study of the effect of autochthonous PGPB isolated from soils on sustainability of cropping systems; thus a literature survey on these aspects was carried out with special focus on wheat, a staple food for a large part of world population. In particular, the main topic of this review is the potential of PGPB to enhance use efficiency of agro-environmental resources focusing on the interaction PGPB-wheat for improving nitrogen use efficiency.

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“…Plants absorb N basically in the form of nitrate (NO 3 − ) by roots and transfer it to leaves for its assimilation therein (Xuan et al, 2017). Nitrate reductase (NR) carries out the reduction of NO 3 − to NO 2 − (nitrite), and then nitrite reductase (NiR) converts NO 2 − to ammonium (NH 4 + ) (Kaiser et al, 2018). The conversion of NH 4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyl Jasmonate and Sodium Nitroprusside Jointly Alleviate Cadmium Toxicity in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plants by Modifying Nitrogen Metabolism, Cadmium Detoxification, and AsA–GSH Cycle

et al. 2021

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The principal intent of the investigation was to examine the influence of joint application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA, 10 μM) and a nitric oxide–donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 100 μM) to wheat plants grown under cadmium (Cd as CdCl2, 100 μM) stress. Cd stress suppressed plant growth, chlorophylls (Chl), and PSII maximum efficiency (Fv/Fm), but it elevated leaf and root Cd, and contents of leaf proline, phytochelatins, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, as well as the activity of lipoxygenase. MeJA and SNP applied jointly or singly improved the concentrations of key antioxidant biomolecules, e.g., reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid and the activities of the key oxidative defense system enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione reductase. Exogenously applied MeJA and SNP jointly or singly also improved nitrogen metabolism by activating the activities of glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, and nitrate and nitrite reductases. Compared with individual application of MeJA or SNP, the combined application of both showed better effect in terms of improving plant growth and key metabolic processes and reducing tissue Cd content, suggesting a putative interactive role of both compounds in alleviating Cd toxicity in wheat plants.Main findingsThe main findings are that exogenous application of methyl jasmonate and nitric oxide–donor sodium nitroprusside alleviated the cadmium (Cd)–induced adverse effects on growth of wheat plants grown under Cd by modulating key physiological processes and up-regulating enzymatic antioxidants and the ascorbic acid–glutathione cycle–related enzymes.

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Nitrate Reductase and Nitric Oxide

Cited by 14 publications

References 54 publications

Breeding for increased nitrogen‐use efficiency: a review for wheat (T. aestivum L.)

Breeding for increased nitrogen‐use efficiency: a review for wheat (T. aestivum L.)

The role of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in improving nitrogen use efficiency for sustainable crop production: a focus on wheat

Methyl Jasmonate and Sodium Nitroprusside Jointly Alleviate Cadmium Toxicity in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plants by Modifying Nitrogen Metabolism, Cadmium Detoxification, and AsA–GSH Cycle

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