Nitrate Reductase Activity in Wheat Seedlings as Affected by NO3-/NH4+ Ratio and Salinity

Botella, M.A.; Cruz, Cristina; Martins-Loução, Maria Amélia; Cerdà, Artemi

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(11)80394-9

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…At the highest salinity level, increase in NRA due to application of salicylic acid was 3.700 and 3.515 mmol NO 2 2 g 21 (8.18 and 13.3%) in 'Inqlab' and 'S-24,' respectively. The results of this study are in conformity with those of Botella et al (1993). They observed that salinity significantly decreased NRA in wheat leaves.…”

Section: Nitrate Reductase Activitysupporting

confidence: 92%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Salicylic Acid–Induced Growth and Biochemical Changes in Salt‐Stressed Wheat

Hamid¹,

Khalil-ur-Rehman²,

Ashraf³

2010

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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The interactive effect of salicylic acid and sodium chloride (NaCl) salinity on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. 'Inqlab' (salt-sensitive) and cv. 'S-24' (salt-tolerant) was studied in a sand-culture pot experiment in a net house. Wheat seeds soaked in water and 100 ppm salicylic acid solution for 6 h were sown in sand salinized with 0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl. Pots were irrigated with quarter-strength Hoagland's nutrient solution. Fourteen-day-old seedlings were harvested, and growth parameters (leaf and root length, leaf and root dry weight) were recorded. Chlorophyll a and b content; soluble sugar (reducing, nonreducing, and total sugars) content; nitrate (NR) and nitrite reductase activity (NiR); soluble proteins, and total soluble amino acid content of fresh leaves were determined. Sodium chloride salinity significantly reduced growth parameters. Salicylic acid treatment alleviated the adverse salinity effect on growth. Salinity decreased the chlorophyll a and b content and chlorophyll a/b ratio in both varieties, but a decrease in the chlorophyll a/b ratio was less in salttolerant wheat variety ('S-24'), which could be a useful marker for selecting a salttolerant variety. Salinity (NaCl) stress considerably increased the accumulation of reducing sugars, nonreducing sugars, and total soluble sugars in leaves of 14-day-old wheat seedlings of both varieties. The salt-tolerant variety ('S-24') accumulated a higher sugar content, which also could be a useful marker for selecting a salttolerant variety for slat-affected areas. Salinity caused a reduction in nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase activity. The salt-tolerant variety ('S-24') showed resistance to a decrease of nitrate reductase activity under salinity. This could be a useful criterion for selecting salt-tolerant varieties. In response to salinity, wheat seedlings accumulated soluble proteins and amino acids, which might reflect a saltprotective mechanism.

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Section: Nitrate Reductase Activitysupporting

confidence: 92%

“…There is evidence suggesting that nitrate reductase activity is the main limiting step in N assimilation in plants (Lea 1997). Under salinity stress, NR is inactivated and N metabolism is hampered in plants (Botella et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salicylic Acid–Induced Growth and Biochemical Changes in Salt‐Stressed Wheat

Hamid¹,

Khalil-ur-Rehman²,

Ashraf³

2010

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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“…Moreover, the effect of salinity on N metabolism and growth may vary with different N sources. Previous reports have shown that salinity decreases NRA in wheat plants (Botella et al, 1993b), and affects the kinetic parameters of NO 3 uptake more than those of NH 4 uptake, affecting NO 3 more than NH 4 (Botella et al, 1994b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of salinity on the growth and nitrogen uptake by wheat seedlings

Botella

Martı́nez

Nieves

et al. 1997

Journal of Plant Nutrition

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Saline conditions affect nitrogen (N) assimilation of higher plants. To study the effect of salinity and N source on growth and N uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), plants were grown in a growth chamber under controlled conditions. The nutrient solution contained 4 mM N, applied as either calcium nitrate [Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ] or ammonium sulfate [(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ], or a mixture of both, and the salinity treatments consisted in two levels of sodium chloride (NaCl) (1 and 60 mM). Salinity significantly reduced shoot and root growth and the effect of the N source was dependent on which salinity treatment was applied. Salinity decreased the net uptake rate of nitrate (NO 3 ) and NO 3 +ammonium (NH 4 ), but had little effect on NH 4 uptake when this nutrient was applied alone. Dark conditions affected NO 3 uptake to a greater extent than NH 4 uptake. The best N source for wheat growth was a mixture of NO 3 and NH 4 , especially under saline conditions or periods of low irradiance. 793

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“…An inhibition of nitrate uptake rates exceeding 50% has been observed under 60 mM NaCl in wheat (Botella et al, 1997), whereas ammonium uptake seems much less affected (Ullrich, 2002). Furthermore, wheat plants have shown a preferential ammonium uptake in saline media (Botella et al, 1993(Botella et al, , 1997. This would justify the lower reduction in GS than in NR activity in response to stress.…”

Section: Gas-exchange and N Metabolism Traits Involved In Genotypic Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined use of δ¹³C, δ¹⁸O and δ¹⁵N tracks nitrogen metabolism and genotypic adaptation of durum wheat to salinity and water deficit

et al. 2012

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Summary Accurate phenotyping remains a bottleneck in breeding for salinity and drought resistance. Here the combined use of stable isotope compositions of carbon (δ13C), oxygen (δ18O) and nitrogen (δ15N) in dry matter is aimed at assessing genotypic responses of durum wheat under different combinations of these stresses. Two tolerant and two susceptible genotypes to salinity were grown under five combinations of salinity and irrigation regimes. Plant biomass, δ13C, δ18O and δ15N, gas‐exchange parameters, ion and N concentrations, and nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) activities were measured. Stresses significantly affected all traits studied. However, only δ13C, δ18O, δ15N, GS and NR activities, and N concentration allowed for clear differentiation between tolerant and susceptible genotypes. Further, a conceptual model explaining differences in biomass based on such traits was developed for each growing condition. Differences in acclimation responses among durum wheat genotypes under different stress treatments were associated with δ13C. However, except for the most severe stress, δ13C did not have a direct (negative) relationship to biomass, being mediated through factors affecting δ18O or N metabolism. Based upon these results, the key role of N metabolism in durum wheat adaptation to salinity and water stress is highlighted.

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Nitrate Reductase Activity in Wheat Seedlings as Affected by NO3-/NH4+ Ratio and Salinity

Cited by 30 publications

References 31 publications

Salicylic Acid–Induced Growth and Biochemical Changes in Salt‐Stressed Wheat

Salicylic Acid–Induced Growth and Biochemical Changes in Salt‐Stressed Wheat

Effect of salinity on the growth and nitrogen uptake by wheat seedlings

Combined use of δ¹³C, δ¹⁸O and δ¹⁵N tracks nitrogen metabolism and genotypic adaptation of durum wheat to salinity and water deficit

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Nitrate Reductase Activity in Wheat Seedlings as Affected by NO3-/NH4+ Ratio and Salinity

Cited by 30 publications

References 31 publications

Salicylic Acid–Induced Growth and Biochemical Changes in Salt‐Stressed Wheat

Salicylic Acid–Induced Growth and Biochemical Changes in Salt‐Stressed Wheat

Effect of salinity on the growth and nitrogen uptake by wheat seedlings

Combined use of δ13C, δ18O and δ15N tracks nitrogen metabolism and genotypic adaptation of durum wheat to salinity and water deficit

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Combined use of δ¹³C, δ¹⁸O and δ¹⁵N tracks nitrogen metabolism and genotypic adaptation of durum wheat to salinity and water deficit