“…MHSI has the capacity of real-time imaging, which enables the surgeon to make or confirm diagnosis and evaluate surgical therapy in an ongoing fashion in the operation room. 189 Overall, MHSI has been explored in surgeries, such as mastectomy, 45 gall bladder surgery, 192 cholecystectomy, 54,133 nephrectomy, 193,194 renal surgery, 80,191,193,195,196 abdominal surgery, 95 and intestinal surgery. 91 The following section will introduce these researches in details.…”