Nighttime cardiac sympathetic hyper-activation in young primary insomniacs

Zambotti, Massimiliano de; Covassin, Naima; Sarlo, Michela; Tona, Giuliano De Min; Trinder, John; Stegagno, Luciano

doi:10.1007/s10286-012-0178-2

Cited by 53 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Taken together, these findings are consistent with previous reports on the cardiac autonomic profile during nocturnal sleep in younger and older adults (Ako et al, 2003; Bonnet & Arand, 1998; Bušek, et al, 2005; de Zambotti, et al, 2014; de Zambotti et al, 2012; de Zambotti, et al, 2013; Elsenbruch, Harnish, & Orr, 1999) as well as short episodes of daytime sleep (Boudreau, et al, 2013). Collectively, these studies demonstrate an overall reduction in cardiovascular output and dominance of parasympathetic/vagal activity during NREM sleep (Busek et al, 2005), which has been associated with significant benefits for the cardiovascular system (Trinder, et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Notwithstanding, our descriptive data are consistent with previous literature showing that LF power drops after sleep onset, steadily decreases across NREM sleep, and rises again during REM sleep (Bušek, et al, 2005; Trinder, et al, 2001). Likewise, the LF/HF ratio is reduced during N2 and N3 compared to wakefulness, and markedly increased during REM sleep (Burgess, Penev, Schneider, & Van Cauter, 2004), with a similar or higher ratio during REM relative to wakefulness (Bušek, et al, 2005; de Zambotti, et al, 2014; de Zambotti, et al, 2013). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heart rate variability during daytime naps in healthy adults: Autonomic profile and short‐term reliability

et al. 2015

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In healthy individuals, a reduction in cardiovascular output and a shift to parasympathetic/vagal dominant activity is observed across nocturnal sleep. This cardiac autonomic profile, often measured by heart rate variability (HRV), has been associated with significant benefits for the cardiovascular system. However, little is known about the autonomic profile during daytime sleep. Here we investigated the autonomic profile and the short-term reliability of HRV during daytime naps in 66 healthy young adults. Participants took an 80–120 min polysomnographically-recorded nap at 1:30 PM. Beat-by-beat RR interval values (RR), high (HF) and low frequency (LF) power, total power (TP), HF normalized units and the LF/HF ratio were obtained for 5 min during pre-sleep wakefulness and during nap sleep stages (N2, N3, REM). A subsample of 37 participants took 2 additional naps with two weeks between recordings. We observed lengthening of the RR, higher HF and HFnu and lower LF/HF during NREM, compared with REM and wake, and a marked reduction of LF and TP during N3. Short-term stability of RR and HF ranged across sleep stages between 0.52–0.76 and 0.52–0.80 respectively. Our results suggest that daytime napping in healthy young adults is associated with dynamic changes in the autonomic profile, similar to those seen during nocturnal sleep. Moreover, a reliable intra-individual measure of autonomic cardiac activity can be obtained by just a single daytime nap depending on specific parameters and recording purposes. Nap methodology may be a new and promising tool to explore sleep-dependent, autonomic fluctuations in healthy and at-risk populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate variability during daytime naps in healthy adults: Autonomic profile and short‐term reliability

et al. 2015

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“…Fifth, confounding of NSBP with other cardiovascular risk factors is possible, although multiple risk factors were adjusted in the analysis. Nonetheless, the increase in night-time BP may be a marker for deleterious factors such as orthostatic hypotension during the day [44], increased night-time sympathetic activity [45]. obstructive sleep apnea [46], or increased sodium intake [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic impact from clinic, daytime, and night-time systolic blood pressure in nine cohorts of 13 844 patients with hypertension

Roush

Fagard

Salles

et al. 2014

Journal of Hypertension

236

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“…In turn, a dysregulated sleep/wake cycle may lead to greater circulating levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers that affect hemodynamics. Indeed, case-control studies have shown that diagnosed insomnia was related to blunted nocturnal blood pressure dipping (Lanfranchi et al, 2009), impaired heart rate variability (Spiegelhalder et al, 2011), constant cardiac sympathetic hyperactivation at night (de Zambotti et al, 2013), and greater carotid intima media thickness (Nagai et al, 2013). Thus, neuroendocrine dysregulation, poor sleep behaviors, and mental health disturbances in response to childhood abuse likely lead to persistent sleep disturbances, which in turn incite an inflammatory response that affects vasculature functioning and structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking childhood abuse and hypertension: sleep disturbance and inflammation as mediators

2016

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The indirect association of childhood abuse with prevalent hypertension in adulthood through sleep disturbance and pro-inflammatory biomarkers was investigated in 589 community-dwelling, middle-aged adults. Participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and self-reported current sleep disturbance and medical diagnoses including hypertension. Blood pressure was taken and blood samples were analyzed for C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and fibrinogen. Hypertension was present in 41.3% of the sample. In the full multiple mediation model, tested using structural equation modeling, all hypothesized pathways were significant (p’s < 0.05). Childhood abuse was significantly related to both body mass index and sleep disturbance, which, both in turn, were significantly associated with inflammation, which was subsequently associated with hypertension status. The model demonstrated good fit (χ2 (122) = 352.0, p <0.001, CFI = 0.918, RMSEA = 0.057) and the indirect effect of all mediators was significant (Indirect Effect: 0.02, 95%CI: 0.005−0.03, p = 0.001). Sleep disturbance, body mass, and inflammation may be independent, intermediate steps between childhood abuse and subsequent hypertension that may be amenable to biobehavioral interventions.

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Nighttime cardiac sympathetic hyper-activation in young primary insomniacs

Abstract: These preliminary findings suggest that a constant cardiac sympathetic hyper-activation throughout the night is a main feature of primary insomnia. Our evidences support the association between insomnia and increased risk for cardiovascular diseases.

Cited by 53 publications

References 32 publications

Heart rate variability during daytime naps in healthy adults: Autonomic profile and short‐term reliability

Heart rate variability during daytime naps in healthy adults: Autonomic profile and short‐term reliability

Prognostic impact from clinic, daytime, and night-time systolic blood pressure in nine cohorts of 13 844 patients with hypertension

Linking childhood abuse and hypertension: sleep disturbance and inflammation as mediators

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