Linking childhood abuse and hypertension: sleep disturbance and inflammation as mediators

Petrov, Megan E.; Davis, Mary C.; Belyea, Michael

doi:10.1007/s10865-016-9742-x

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It is generally believed that CSA is associated with elevated levels of circulating inflammatory biomarkers. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The present study reveals a negative…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…[11] There is compelling evidence that childhood trauma is associated with elevated levels of circulating Interleukin inflammatory biomarkers several decades later, such as -6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The association between CSA and inflammatory biomarkers remains unclear due to a significant amount of heterogeneity in the measures and methods employed in the literature. [19][20][21][22][23] Subgroup analyses undertaken in a recent meta-analysis study demonstrate only a weak association between CSA and adulthood IL-6 level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trust as a mediator in the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and IL-6 level in adulthood

Leng

Xie

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has been shown to predict the coupling of depression and inflammation in adulthood. Trust within intimate relationships, a core element in marital relations, has been shown to predict positive physical and mental health outcomes, but the mediating role of trust in partners in the association between CSA and inflammation in adulthood requires further study. The present study aimed to examine the impact of CSA on inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6 and IL-1β) in adults with depression and the mediating role of trust. A cross-sectional survey data set of adults presenting with mood and sleep disturbance was used in the analysis. CSA demonstrated a significant negative correlation with IL-6 level (r =-0.28, p<0. 01) in adults with clinically significant depression, while trust showed a significant positive correlation with IL-6 level (r = 0.36, p < .01). Sobel test and bootstrapping revealed a significant mediating role for trust between CSA and IL-6 level. CSA and trust in partners were revealed to have significant associations with IL-6 level in adulthood. Counterintuitively, the directions of association were not those expected. Trust played a mediating role between CSA and adulthood levels of IL-6. Plausible explanations for these counterintuitive findings are discussed.

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“…It is generally believed that CSA is associated with elevated levels of circulating inflammatory biomarkers. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The present study reveals a negative…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trust as a mediator in the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and IL-6 level in adulthood

Leng

Xie

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Direct and indirect human and animal stress research supports the important supraordinate role of CS on stress system and GCs, linking circadian misalignment in ELS/CT-related pathophysiology and potentially resulting in the extensive comorbidities of ELS/CT through an impaired homeostatic balance. Some animal (332), but-most importantly-numerous human studies including large cohorts, have repeatedly confirmed that ELS/CT is independently associated with enduring adult sleep disruption including global sleep pathology (i.e., insomnia), as well as specific types of sleep problems, such as shortened total sleep time, prolonged sleep onset latency, decreased sleep efficiency, increased number of awakenings, nightmare related distress, sleep apnea and higher nocturnal activity in a probably dose-response manner (333)(334)(335)(336)(337)(338)(339)(340)(341)(342)(343)(344).…”

Section: Sleep and Circadian Systemmentioning

confidence: 97%

Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation

et al. 2019

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Early life stressors display a high universal prevalence and constitute a major public health problem. Prolonged psychoneurobiological alterations as sequelae of early life stress (ELS) could represent a developmental risk factor and mediate risk for disease, leading to higher physical and mental morbidity rates in later life. ELS could exert a programming effect on sensitive neuronal brain networks related to the stress response during critical periods of development and thus lead to enduring hyper- or hypo-activation of the stress system and altered glucocorticoid signaling. In addition, alterations in emotional and autonomic reactivity, circadian rhythm disruption, functional and structural changes in the brain, as well as immune and metabolic dysregulation have been lately identified as important risk factors for a chronically impaired homeostatic balance after ELS. Furthermore, human genetic background and epigenetic modifications through stress-related gene expression could interact with these alterations and explain inter-individual variation in vulnerability or resilience to stress. This narrative review presents relevant evidence from mainly human research on the ten most acknowledged neurobiological allostatic pathways exerting enduring adverse effects of ELS even decades later (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nervous system, immune system and inflammation, oxidative stress, cardiovascular system, gut microbiome, sleep and circadian system, genetics, epigenetics, structural, and functional brain correlates). Although most findings back a causal relation between ELS and psychobiological maladjustment in later life, the precise developmental trajectories and their temporal coincidence has not been elucidated as yet. Future studies should prospectively investigate putative mediators and their temporal sequence, while considering the potentially delayed time-frame for their phenotypical expression. Better screening strategies for ELS are needed for a better individual prevention and treatment.

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“…Evidence suggests that childhood maltreatment is associated with inflammation [47][48][49] and that inflammation mediates the association between childhood abuse and hypertension. 50 In women, inflammation explained more of the indirect effect than smoking. Although CRP is not causally related to CVD, 51 its production is stimulated by IL-6, which likely has a causal effect on CVD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

427How does childhood maltreatment influence cardiovascular disease? A sequential causal mediation analysis

Soares

Howe

Hammerton

et al. 2021

International Journal of Epidemiology

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Background Childhood maltreatment (CM) has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the mechanisms of this relationship are not fully understood. We explored the relative contribution of anxiety/depression, smoking, body mass index (BMI) and C-reactive protein (CRP) to the association between CM and CVD in the United Kingdom (UK) and whether this differed by sex and type of maltreatment. Methods We used data from 40,596 men and 59,511 women from UK Biobank. To estimate the indirect effects of CM (physical, sexual and emotional abuse, and emotional and physical neglect) on incident CVD, we applied a sequential mediation approach using g-computation. Results Together anxiety/depression, smoking, BMI and CRP mediated 26%-90% of the association between CM and CVD, and the contribution of these mediators differed by type of maltreatment and sex. For sexual abuse, emotional abuse and emotional neglect, anxiety/depression was the most important mediator (accounting for 16%-43% of the total effect), especially in women. In men, BMI contributed the most in associations of physical abuse and physical neglect with CVD; in women anxiety/depression and BMI had similar contributions. Conclusions These findings add to the understanding of how CM affects CVD and highlight the potential to reduce the burden of CVD in people exposed to CM through targeting modifiable mediating factors. Key messages Anxiety/depression, smoking, BMI and inflammation mediated part of the association between CM and CVD, and the contribution of these mediators differed by type of maltreatment and sex.

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Linking childhood abuse and hypertension: sleep disturbance and inflammation as mediators

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

Trust as a mediator in the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and IL-6 level in adulthood

Trust as a mediator in the relationship between childhood sexual abuse and IL-6 level in adulthood

Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation

427How does childhood maltreatment influence cardiovascular disease? A sequential causal mediation analysis

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