Nightcap: Laboratory and home‐based evaluation of a portable sleep monitor

Ajilore, Olusola; Stickgold, Robert; Rittenhouse, Cynthia D.; Hobson, J. Allan

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1995.tb03410.x

Cited by 84 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…This battery-operated portable 4.5 ounce device includes head and eye movement sensors that define sleep vs. awake and REM vs. non-REM sleep stages. It has high agreement with polysomnography measures (17,18). Total sleep time, REM sleep time and the number of REM sleep periods were generated by REMView software.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prazosin Effects on Objective Sleep Measures and Clinical Symptoms in Civilian Trauma Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Placebo-Controlled Study

Taylor

Martin

Thompson

et al. 2008

Biological Psychiatry

290

210

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, prazosin effects on objective measures of sleep in PTSD have not been investigated. We used the REMView portable sleep assessment device to quantify effects of prazosin on sleep physiology (17,18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prazosin Effects on Objective Sleep Measures and Clinical Symptoms in Civilian Trauma Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Placebo-Controlled Study

Taylor

Martin

Thompson

et al. 2008

Biological Psychiatry

290

210

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Data were analyzed from the remaining 40 participants (16 male, 20.9 Ϯ 0.6 y) who were randomly and equally distributed across the four groups. Five participants from the overnight͞goal-task configuration group produced useful sleep recordings by using the NightCap system (Respironics, Pittsburgh) (14). To perform a correlation analysis between overnight improvements and the percentage of rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM sleep, an additional four participants were recruited, two of whom produced useful data (one male, both 19 y).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Off-line learning of motor skill memory: A double dissociation of goal and movement

Cohen

Pascual‐Leone²,

Press³

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

235

267

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Acquiring a new skill requires learning multiple aspects of a task simultaneously. For example, learning a piano sonata requires learning the musical notes and being able to implement this goal by learning the appropriate sequence of finger movements. After practice, skill continues to develop off-line during a period of consolidation. Here we show that different aspects of a procedural memory are processed separately during consolidation: Only the movement sequence is enhanced over the day; whereas only the goal is enhanced over a night of sleep. This double dissociation suggests that distinct systems, enhancing different aspects of a procedural memory, support improvements during consolidation. Consolidation is not a single process; instead, there are multiple routes to off-line learning, and the engagement of these distinct mechanisms is determined by when consolidation takes place. movement control ͉ procedural learning ͉ consolidation ͉ sleep C lassically, a distinction has been made between how a movement is performed and the spatial target or goal of the movement (1). For example, a pianist makes a series of finger movements to fulfill the goal of playing notes in a sonata. Enhanced knowledge of either the finger movements or the goal of these movements can produce an increase in skill (2-4). During practice, distinct mechanisms may be engaged to support the simultaneous acquisition of both components (5-7). Skill can also develop off-line, between practice sessions, during consolidation (8, 9). Skill enhancement during consolidation, like practice, may involve the simultaneous enhancement of both the goal and the movement. Alternatively, the principles operating during consolidation may differ from those during practice: Skill components may be enhanced separately. This result would imply that the mechanisms engaged simultaneously during practice are engaged separately during consolidation.It is possible to distinguish between the goal and the movement components of skill in a procedural sequence learning task (2). In the present experiment, participants acquired skill in the serial reaction time task (SRTT). In this task, a visual cue can appear at any one of four positions arranged horizontally on a computer screen (10). Each screen position corresponds to a button on a response box. A trial begins when a cue appears. The participant presses the appropriate response button, ending the trial, and after a short fixed delay, another cue is presented. Unbeknownst to the participant, the visual cues follow a specific spatial pattern that is learned as both a sequence of finger movements and as a sequence of response buttons to push, or goals (2-4). After training with one hand, these two skill components can be distinguished by probing skill with the untrained hand (Fig. 1). By switching hands, the same finger is no longer associated with the same response. So, although the same sequence of response buttons is required, this goal is achieved by using a different set of finger movements. Thus the goal remain...

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“…Measures include sleep onset latency and total sleep time. The Nightcap® has been validated using traditional polysomnographic measurement (Ajilore et al, 1995). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of THC and lofexidine in a human laboratory model of marijuana withdrawal and relapse

et al. 2007

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Individuals seeking treatment for their marijuana use rarely achieve sustained abstinence.Objectives-To determine if THC, a cannabinoid agonist, and lofexidine, an α 2 -adrenergic receptor agonist, given alone and in combination, decreased symptoms of marijuana withdrawal and relapse, defined as a return to marijuana use after a period of abstinence.Methods-Nontreatment-seeking, male volunteers (n=8), averaging 12 marijuana cigarettes/day, were maintained on each of four medication conditions for 7 days: placebo, THC (60 mg/day), lofexidine (2.4 mg/day), and THC (60 mg/day) combined with lofexidine (2.4 mg/day); each inpatient phase was separated by an outpatient washout phase. During the first 3 inpatient days, placebo marijuana was available for self-administration (withdrawal). For the next 4 days, active marijuana was available for self-administration (relapse). Participants paid for self-administered marijuana using study earnings. Self-administration, mood, task performance, food intake and sleep were measured.Results-THC reversed the anorexia and weight loss associated with marijuana withdrawal, and decreased a subset of withdrawal symptoms, but increased sleep onset latency, and did not decrease marijuana relapse. Lofexidine was sedating, worsened abstinence-related anorexia, and did not robustly attenuate withdrawal, but improved sleep and decreased marijuana relapse. The combination of lofexidine and THC produced the most robust improvements in sleep, and decreased marijuana withdrawal, craving and relapse in daily marijuana smokers relative to either medication alone.Conclusions-These data suggest the combination of lofexidine and THC warrant further testing as a potential treatment for marijuana dependence. KeywordsMarinol; Britlofex; dependence; withdrawal; treatment; cannabinoid; norepinephrine Marijuana use is prevalent in American society, and the number of individuals who currently meet DSM-IV criteria for cannabis abuse or dependence has steadily increased since the 1990s (Compton et al., 2004). Although marijuana is less likely to produce dependence than drugs such as nicotine, alcohol or heroin (Anthony et al., 1994), the sheer number of marijuana smokers combined with the increasing potency of marijuana has NIH Public AccessAuthor Manuscript Psychopharmacology (Berl). Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 June 12.Published in final edited form as:Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2008 March ; 197(1): 157-168. doi:10.1007/s00213-007-1020-8. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript resulted in a significant number of individuals developing cannabis use disorders, i.e., approximately 1.5% of the U.S. population (Compton et al., 2004).A number of studies have demonstrated that there is a personal (i.e., not court-mandated) demand for marijuana treatment, particularly when marijuana-specific treatment programs are offered (Roffman et al., 1988;Stephens et al., 1993;Lang et al., 2000). Treatmentseekers report distress about their marijuana use, and repeatedly ...

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Nightcap: Laboratory and home‐based evaluation of a portable sleep monitor

Cited by 84 publications

References 18 publications

Prazosin Effects on Objective Sleep Measures and Clinical Symptoms in Civilian Trauma Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Placebo-Controlled Study

Prazosin Effects on Objective Sleep Measures and Clinical Symptoms in Civilian Trauma Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Placebo-Controlled Study

Off-line learning of motor skill memory: A double dissociation of goal and movement

Effects of THC and lofexidine in a human laboratory model of marijuana withdrawal and relapse

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