Nicotine stimulates secretion of both catecholamines and acetylcholinesterase from cultured adrenal chromaffin cells

Abstract

There is conflicting evidence from studies on sympathetic ganglia and the adrenal medulla concerning the morphological and biochemical localization and physiological role(s) of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Furthermore, the origin of the AChE released from the adrenal medulla (whether from chromaffin cells or splanchnic nerve, or both) has not been firmly established. We have examined the efficacy of cholinergic agonists to release endogenous AChE and catecholamines (CA) from monolayer cultures of purified bovine adrenal chromaffin cells, The nicotinic agonist (nicotine), but not the muscarinic agonist (methacholine), released both AChE and CA from the adrenal chromaffin cells. The concomitant release of CA and AChE evoked by nicotine was Ca++ dependent with a correlation coefficient r = 0.82 (p < 0.001). The results show that adrenal chromaffin cells in uitro, a system free of splanchnic nerve elements, can still release AChE. The finding that concomitant release of AChE and catecholamines occurs on exposure of the cells to nicotinic agonists suggests that released AChE may have a physiological role at neuroeffector junctions.

Interleukin-6- and Cyclic AMP-Mediated Signaling Potentiates Neuroendocrine Differentiation of LNCaP Prostate Tumor Cells

“…We suggest that the transcriptional profile of these epithelial cells must be sufficiently altered to change levels not only of proteins required for secretion of mitogenic peptides but also of cytoskeletal and cell cycle proteins required for morphological transformation and mitotic arrest. Examples of such genes are those encoding subunits of nAChR, a receptor on adrenal chromaffin cells that regulates secretion of catecholamines (30). In this report, we show that inhibitors of MAPK activation reduced the immediate-early gene response and decreased transcription from the promoter of the neuronal cell-specific gene, the ␤4 nAChR subunit.…”

Distribution of chromaffin secretory vesicles, acetylcholinesterase, and lysosomal enzymes in sucrose and percoll gradients

“…1), an enzyme which has been reported to be present in chromaffin secretory vesicles (7). Both lysosomal enzymes as well as acetylcholinesterase have been shown to be secreted from perfused adrenals (1-3) and a corelease of acetylcholinesterase and catecholamines has been observed from chromaffin cells in culture (4,5). Thus, if both types of enzymes are actually present within the chromaffin secretory vesic1es the parallel secretion of these enzymes together with catecholamines could be feasible.…”

“…Lysosomal enzymes and acetylcholinesterase have been reported to be secreted from perfused adrenals as well as from cultured chromaffin cells (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Subcellular fractionation and separation of crude chromaffin secretory vesicles on Percoll density gradients have indicated that both lysosomal enzymes and acetylcholinesterase are present in chromaffin vesicle fractions (6,7).…”

EKSTRAK DAUN Nicotiana tabacum MENURUNKAN BERAT LEMAK VISCERAL PADA TIKUS DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE DUA

“…24 Penurunan berat lemak juga dapat disebabkan oleh penurunan intake makan pada tikus yang diberikan esktrak etanol tembakau. 25 Pemberian nikotin pada tikus diketahui menurunkan nafsu makan melalui aktivasi reseptor melanocortin-4 (MC4R) yang terekspresi pada neuron hipothalamus pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) yang menimbulkan rasa kenyang. 26,27 Meskipun demikian, aktivasi neuropeptida Y (NPY) pada hipothalamus dan orexin juga diamati setelah pemberian nikotin selama 7 minggu.…”