Nicotine patch vs. nicotine lozenge for smoking cessation: An effectiveness trial coordinated by the Community Clinical Oncology Program

Abstract

Background: Nicotine replacement therapies are efficacious for treating nicotine dependence. However, limited data exist on benefits of different NRTs and predictors of treatment outcome. This study compared the effectiveness of transdermal nicotine vs. nicotine lozenge for smoking cessation and identified predictors of treatment response.

Increased self-efficacy to quit and perceived control over withdrawal symptoms predict smoking cessation following nicotine dependence treatment

“…Details of this clinical trial are published elsewhere [17]. To summarize, data for this study were from a randomized Phase IV effectiveness clinical trial that was coordinated by the National Cancer Institute's Community Clinical Oncology Program, which conducts cancer treatment and prevention trials in community settings, thereby bringing potentially advanced interventions to communities that would not typically have access to such treatments.…”

“…The primary results from this trial found no significant effect of NRT type on cessation outcomes [17]. In addition to the prospective design of this study, the data from this trial were collected repeatedly during the treatment phase to permit evaluation of initial changes in these variables as predictors of cessation outcomes.…”

Differences in “bottom-up” and “top-down” neural activity in current and former cigarette smokers: Evidence for neural substrates which may promote nicotine abstinence through increased cognitive control

“…Second, understanding the mechanism by which attention is captured by salient smoking-related cues would appear critical to our understanding of nicotine addiction treatment. The neural mechanisms underlying a smoking-related attentional bias may reveal potential targets for therapies, cognitive (Attwood et al, 2008;Field et al, 2009;Muraven, 2010;Schoenmakers et al, 2010) and/or pharmacological (Franklin et al, 2011;Mei et al, 2010;Muraven, 2010;Rohsenow et al, 2008;Schnoll et al, 2010). This might be especially important if one can elucidate a distinct neural pattern which may reflect successful abstinence in former cigarette smokers.…”

Preliminary Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Cigarette Craving and Withdrawal Symptoms in Experienced Smokers in Acute Cigarette Abstinence: A Randomized Controlled Trial

“…Successful quitting methods reported by ex-smokers in this survey were (a) pharmacotherapy plus group therapy (30%), (b) pharmacotherapy plus counseling (20%), (c) counseling only (10%), and (d) acute abstinence without pharmacotherapy or psychotherapy (5%) (Lalitanantpong, 2006). Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation including nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, and varenicline increases the smoking abstinence rate (Cahill, Stevens, Perera, & Lancaster, 2013); however, the success rate 6 months or more after a quit date is still as low as 10% to 35% (Gonzales et al, 2006;Hurt et al, 1997;Rennard et al, 2012;Schnoll et al, 2010;Sutherland et al, 1992;Westman, Levin, & Rose, 1993). The recommended treatment for cigarette addiction is a combination of psychosocial treatment, medication, and behavioral therapy (Stead & Lancaster, 2012).…”